GU Neoplastic Disorders Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the most common renal neoplasm?
renal cell carcinoma
What is the most common renal malignancy in childhood?
Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)
What is the most common type of bladder cancer?
transitional cell carcinoma
What is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among 20-34 year old males?
testicular cancer
What is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death in men?
prostate cancer
Renal Cell Carcinoma Triad of Sxs
- hematuria
- flank pain
- abdominal/flank mass
Dx of Renal Cell Carcinoma
-IVP/CT: often found incidentally on radiology studies
Tx of Renal Cell Carcinoma
- early, aggressive surgical management provides best chance of cure
- majority do not respond to standard chemo
- surgery curative if non-metastatic
What is Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)?
- affects ages 1-5
- develops in 1 or both immature kidney cells
- genetic
Risk Factors for Wilm’s Tumor
- aniridia (absence of iris)
- cryptorchidism
- hypospadius (abnormal urethral opening)
- hemihypertrophy
Signs and Sxs of Wilm’s Tumor
- increased abd size, hepatosplenomegaly
- anemia, cardiac murmur
- hematuria
- decreased appetite, weight loss
- asymptomatic
- fever
Dx of Wilm’s Tumor
US/CT
Tx of Wilm’s Tumor
- nephrectomy
- chemo or radiation
Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer
- smoking #1
- high fat diet, chronic low fluid intake
- chronic lower UTI
- chronic indwelling catheter
- hx of pelvic irradiation
- prostate cancer
- schistosomiasis in Mediterranean
Sxs of Bladder Cancer
- hematuria, urgency, frequency, dysuria
- abdominal or pelvis pain or mass
- wasting in systemic dz
Dx of Bladder Cancer
- NMP22 bladder check (tumor marker in urine)
- urine cytology is most specific
Tx of Bladder Cancer
- transurethral resection
- bladder replaced w/ part of colon
- chemo/radiation
- usually good prognosis
Testicular Cancer Types
- non-germinal (5%)
- germinal (95%): seminomas (slow growth) and non-seminomas (rapid growth)
Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer
- cryptorchidism (undescended testes)
- family hx, increased maternal estrogen in utero
- testicular atrophy
- trauma to testicle
- abnormal testicular development (eg Kleinfelter’s, Down’s)
- Caucasian
Sxs of Testicular Cancer
- painless lump in testicle
- dull ache in groin/low abdomen
- may have hydrocele
- infertility
Dx of Testicular Cancer
US is gold stadnard
Tx of Testicular Cancer
- orchiectomy used for dx and tx
- radiation/chemo
- > 95% overall survival
Who gets prostate CA?
-men over 50
Risk Factors for Prostate CA
- age > 50
- positive family hx
- race (AA increased risk)
