GU overview Flashcards
what are the organs of the GU system?
adrenal glands kidney ureter urinary bladder urethra renal artery and vein
what is the function of the kidney?
Maintain blood homeostasis Excrete waste Keep nutrients Maintain electrolytes Maintain acid base balance
what is the function of the ureters?
bring urine to the bladder
what is the function of the bladder?
store urine prior to micturition
what is the function of the urethra
expel urine from bladder
uera is?
nitrogenous waste from deamination
uric acid is?
waste from purine metabolism
creatinine is released during?
anaerobic muscle activity
what are some reasons why glucose may be in urine?
recent intake of sugary food
diabetes m.
what are some reasons why protein may be in urine?
physical exertion
high protein
hypertension
glomerulonephritis
what are some reasons why ketone bodies may be in urine?
starvation
untreated diabetes m.
what are some reasons why hemoglobin may be in urine?
hemolytic anemia
sever burns
what are some reasons why bile pigments may be in urine?
hepatitis
cirrhosis
bile obstruction
what are some reasons why erythrocytes may be in urine?
bleeding due to trauma
kidney stones
infection
cancer
what are some reasons why leucocytes may be in urine?
UTI
what is EPO
erythropoietin
produced my kidney
controls RBC production
kidney disease can lead to?
anemia
patients with chronic anemia from kidney disease take?
Recombinant EPO
Increased Cr levels in plasma indicated?
potential impaired renal function
normal female Cr levels?
.5 to 1.0 mg/dl
normal male Cr levels?
.7 to 1.2 mg/dl
Blood urea nitrogen is the end product of?
protein and amino acid metabolism
what can an increased BUN indicate?
Decreased renal function Reduced fluid intake Increased muscle catabolism Increased protein intake Acute renal infection
Must correlate the BUN with _____ to implicate renal dysfunction?
Cr
