Guidance Flashcards
Visual guidance
Visual guidance is a method where the performer sees the skill or technique being performed. It’s ideal for beginners as it:
-Demonstrates the correct way to perform the task.
-Helps form a mental image of the movement.
-Can include videos, charts, books, or live demonstrations.
-Shows the expected outcome or performance standard.
-Can be used to compare performance and identify weaknesses for improvement.
What are the problems associated with visual guidance
- too much information given at once
- the demonstration must be accurate
- the performer might not be capable of matching the demonstration
Verbal guidance
Verbal guidance involves a coach or teacher explaining how to perform a skill.
-Describes the techniques needed for correct performance.
-Works well with visual guidance to help form a complete mental image.
-Is useful for more advanced performers to understand tactics or refine skills.
-Can be used during physical training or fitness drills.
-Provides immediate, relevant feedback to improve performance.
-Must be clear, concise, and not overload the
performer—especially beginners.
What are the problems associated with verbal guidance?
-too much information might overload the short-term memory
-The performer might lose concentration
-The language could be too complex
Manual guidance
Manual guidance involves the coach physically guiding the performer—for example, supporting a gymnast on a vault or helping a tennis player with their arm movement.
-It eliminates danger, especially in risky or complex skills.
-Builds the performer’s confidence and reduces fear or anxiety.
-Allows the performer to feel the correct technique (kinaesthetic sense).
-Can simplify complex movements by breaking them into manageable parts.
-Best used in early stages of learning but should be phased out to promote independent movement.
What are the problems associated with manual guidance?
-The performer may become dependent on the support
-The proximity of the coach might be upsetting
-An incorrect feel of the skill could result in bad habits
Mechanical guidance
Mechanical guidance involves using tools or apparatus to assist the learner in performing a skill.
-It supports the performer physically (e.g., harness in trampolining or swimming floats).
-Useful for beginners learning dangerous or complex skills.
-Builds confidence by reducing fear.
-Should be reduced over time to avoid dependency.
Advantages of mechanical guidance
-It builds confidence
-It eliminates danger
-It can be used with disabled athletes
What are the problems associated with mechanical guidance?
-not always available or practical for all skills or environments
-The performer might depend on it too much
-Motivation could be lost if the performer thinks he is not performing the skill himself
How can technology be used to enhance guidance
- Visual Guidance:
• Video analysis, motion capture, and VR help athletes see and understand movement patterns.
• Enables technique comparison and correction.
• E.g., A long jumper uses Dartfish to adjust take-off angle. - Verbal Guidance:
• AI coaching, wireless comms, and live video platforms improve the accuracy and timing of instructions.
• Useful for in-the-moment feedback.
• E.g., A coach gives a cyclist live pacing feedback via headset. - Manual Guidance:
• Haptic suits and rehab exoskeletons guide correct movement through physical feedback.
• Builds kinaesthetic awareness safely.
• E.g., A golfer’s swing is corrected with vibrating feedback. - Mechanical Guidance:
• Smart equipment and wearable sensors provide consistent, controlled practice.
• Analyze force, balance, and timing.
• E.g., A sprinter uses force plates to improve block starts.
Performance support:
• Measurement: GPS, heart rate monitors, biomechanics.
• Monitoring: Wearables, lactate analyzers, EMG sensors.
• Evaluation: Dashboards, AI predictions, recovery tracking.
Conclusion:
Technology makes guidance more effective by giving real-time feedback, supporting safe practice, and improving long-term performance planning—all key aspects in line with the Edexcel A-level PE spec.
