Güillain-Barré Syndrome & Myasthenia Gravis Flashcards
Autoimmune destruction of Schwann cells via inflammation and demyelination
Güillain-Barré syndrome
GBS usually preceded by […] or […] infection weeks before
URTI
GI “Campylobacter jejuni”
What are the features of GBS ?
- Preceded by infection
- Ascending muscle weakness, symmetrical facial paralysis
- Sensory loss “glove & stocking”
- Respiratory depression
- Autonomic dysfunction
- 🔻DTR
What is the confirmatory test of GBS ?
CSF analysis
”albuminocytologic dissociation”
What are the CSF findings in GBS ?
🔺albumin
🟢 cell count
GBS treatment:
- IVIg / plasmaexchange
- respiratory support
GBS prognosis :
Excellent
with full recovery in most patients
Mechanism of GBS:
Autoimmune Demyelination of Schwann cells
Mechanism of Myasthenia Gravis:
Autoimmune antibodies against presynaptic Acetylcholine receptor result in impaired Neuromuscular transmission
Mechanism of Lambert-eaton syndrome:
Antibodies against presynaptic Ca channel 🔻ACh release
Clinical signs and symptoms of MG:
- Ptosis, Diplopia (but pupils are normal)
- weakness :
🔸 Respiratory muscle» SOB
🔸 Bulbar muscle» dysphagia - 🟢 DTR
- worse with muscle use
Clinical signs & symptoms of LEMS:
- Autonomic (dry mouth, impotence)
- proximal muscle weakness :
- 🔻 DTR
- improve with muscle use
MG is associated with […]
Thymoma / Thymic hyperplasia
Thyroid disease
LEMG is associated with […]
SCLC 🫁
3 tests you have to do for Myasthenia Gravis:
- EMG
- TSH “Autoimmune thyroid disorders”
- CT chest “Thymoma”
