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SMLE | Neurology 🧠 > Seizure > Flashcards

Seizure Flashcards

1
Q

Define
Status epilepticus

A

Continuous Seizure that last >5 min or
Recurring without interictal return to baseline consciousness

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2
Q

Etiologies of seizures

A

Infection
Ischemia
ICP 🔺
Intoxication
Missing drug
Metabolic & electrolytes
Mass lesion
Misc..

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3
Q

What STD may cause seizures ?

A

Syphilis

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4
Q

Most common cause of seizure attack in epilepsy […]

A

Low AED level
Sleep deprivation
Hypoglycemia in first time seizure ⭐️

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5
Q

What diagnostic tests needed for patient presented with 1st time seizure ?

A
  1. Serum glucose, electrolytes, toxicology, ABG
  2. CT/MRI head
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6
Q

Generalized symmetric 3-Hz spike & wave discharge pattern

A

Absence seizure

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7
Q

Drug of choice for abscence seizures :

A

Ethosaximide

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8
Q

What AED safe in pregnancy?

A

Levetracetam

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9
Q

What are the stages of status epilepticus ?

A

⏳<30 min: Stage 1- Early status epilepticus
⏳30-120 m: Stage 2- Establishes SE
⏳>120 min: Stage 3- Refractory SE
⏳>24 hrs: Super refractory status epilepticus

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10
Q

What is the drug of choice for
Stage 1 status epilepticus

A

Benzodiazepine

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11
Q

What is the drug of choice for
Stage 2 status epilepticus

A

-Phenytoin / Fosphenytoin
-Phenobarbital

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12
Q

What is the drug of choice for
Stage 3 status epilepticus

A

Muscular relaxant + General anesthesia
(Midazole or Propofol)

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13
Q

Some drugs can decrease seizure threahold such as […] and […]

A

Bupropion
Fluoroquinolone

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14
Q

What is the effect of Bupropion on patient with epilepsy ?

A

Lowers the seizure threshold

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15
Q

What AED may cause fetal hydantoin syndrome ?

A

Phenytoin

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16
Q

AED may be discontinued if patient has been seizure free for […]

A

2-3 years

17
Q

Drug of choice for partial seizures (simple or complex) :

A

Carbamazepine

SMLE | Neurology 🧠 (10 decks)

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