Guyton Ch. 26

Question 1

How long does it take the kidneys to adjust or react to an increase in sodium intake?

Answer 1

A: 2 to 3 days; there is a modest accumulation of sodium that raises ECF and triggers hormonal changes and other compensatory responses

Question 2

What is the kidneys’ role in Vitamin D production and glucose synthesis?

Answer 2

A: kidneys produce 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), the active form of Vitamin D.
A: The kidneys synthesize glucose from amino acids during prolonged fasting (gluconeogenesis), a process that rivals that of the liver