Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gynae > gynae 2 > Flashcards

gynae 2 Flashcards

(46 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the disorders of the fallopian tubes?

A
  1. Inflammations
    - Suppurative (Gonococci, Chlamydiae)
    - TB salpingitis
    - actinomycosis
  2. Ectopic Pregnancy and Endometriosis
  3. Tumours and Cysts
    - Hydatids of Morgagni, Adenomatoid Tumour and Adenocarcinoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What disase mimics tumours of the ovary/fallopian tube? Pathogenesis?

A

Paratubal Cyst (Hydatids of Morgagni).

Remnants of Mullerian Duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hydrosalpinx? Causes?

A

Blocked fallopian tube filled with fluid.

PID, Endometriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Some causes of pyosalpinx? Symptom? Treatment? Complication?

A

Chlamydia, E Coli, Staph. Strep.

Pelvic Pain

Antibiotics/Surgery

Infertility since creates obstruction and kinking of fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Consequences of salpingitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a risk factor in actinomycotic salpingitis?

A

IUCD users

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common benign tumour of the fallopian tube?

A

Adenomatoid Tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Histological features of adenomatoid tumour?

A

Invagination of visceral mesothelium
Tubular spaces of varying sizes composed of flattened cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pathogenesis of adenomatoid tumour?

A

Proliferation of surface epithelium of fallopian tube = deeps into the wall of the fallopian tube, producing tubule-like structures within the stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the pathogenesis behind salpingitis isthmica nodosa?

A

Diverticulae from lumen going into the wall of the fallopian tube, leading to nodular bilateral swelling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

State 4 non-neoplastic ovarian cysts?

A
  1. Follicular Cysts
  2. multiple follicular cysts
  3. Corpus luteal cysts
  4. Endometriotic cysts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pathogenesis of a follicular cyst?

A

Arise from unruptured follicles or from follicles that ruptured and sealed immediately. Filled with serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does corpus luteal cyst look grossly? what is it associated with?

A

Yellowish thick cyst lining. menstrual irregularitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the appearance of polycystic ovary?

A

Multiple cysts and stromal hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pathogenesis of PCOS?

A

Persistent Anovulatory state (hugh estrogens and androgens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are symptoms and complications of PCOS?

A

Obesity, Hirsute, Acne, Amenorrhoae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 categories of ovarian neoplasms?

A
  1. Surface Epithelial Cells
  2. Germ Cell
  3. Sex Cord-Stroma
  4. Metastasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Categories/Divisions of Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the gross appearance of dysgerminoma?

Study These Flashcards
A

Large, firm, bosselated external surface
Soft and fleshy

20
Q

What is the histological appearance of a dysgerminoma?

Study These Flashcards
A

Nests of monotonous tumour cells with clear glycogen-filled cytoplasm

Fibrous septa with lymphocytes

21
Q

Types of teratomas?

Study These Flashcards
A

Mature
- Benign: Cystic Teratoma, struma ovarii
- malignant: SCC, thyroid

Immature
(malignant)

22
Q

Yolk sac tumours histologically have what distinguishing characteristic? What marker is elevated? Who gets it?

Study These Flashcards
A

Schiller-Duval bodies
Alpha fetoprotein
Children & Young Women

23
Q

How to distinguish immature and mature teratoma?

Study These Flashcards
A

Primitive neuroepithelium

24
Q

State the 4 types of ovarian surface epithelial tumours

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Endocervical Differentiation - mucinous tumours
  2. Tubal Differentiation - serous tumours
  3. Endometrial Differentiation - Endometrioid and clear cell type
  4. Urothelial - Brenner Tumour
25
What is the pathogenesis of the two types of epithelial tumours?
Type 1: Progression from benign to borderline to carcinoma Type 2: From inclusion cysts/fallopian tube epithelium that show high grade features (serous)
26
What are the histological criteria for borderline ovarian neoplasms?
1. Epithelial Hyperplasia - stratification, tufts (papillary like structures instead of single epithelial layer) 2. Atypia - mild tomoderate 3. Minimal Mitotic Activity 4. Absence of destructive stromal invasion
27
Features of mucinous cystadenoma?
1. Enlarged ovary 2. Mucinous, Multiloculated 3. locules filled with mucinous material 4. Mucinous Epithelium
28
Features of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Less mucinous differentiation - form complex glands invading into stroma, necrosis, lot of mitoses
29
Features of serous cystadenoma?
Multi-loculated, serous fluid Lining epithelium is ciliated (low cuboidal to columnar
30
Features of Endometrioid Ovarian Tumours?
Endometrial type differentiation (endomtrium composed of tubular structures with stratified epithelium)
31
Risk factor of Endometroid ovarian tumours?
Endometriosis (15% co exist)
32
Risk of endometrioid ovarian tumours?
Most are carcinomas
33
Gross and histological features of Clear Cell ovarian adenocarcinoma?
G: Solid/Cystic H: Large sheets of epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm and tubules with hobnail nuclei
34
Histological features of Brenner Tumour?
Nests of urothelial-like cells in a dense fibrous stroma Nuclei folded onto self
35
What is a fibroma-thecoma?
Stromal tumour with fibroblasts or plump spindle cells with lipid droplets
36
What can fibroma-thecoma lead to?
Meig's syndrome: fibroma, ascites, pleural effusion
37
What is the gross appearance of a fibroma-thecoma?
Solid, uniform or Cerebreform appearance
38
Gross appearance of Granulosa Cell tumour?
Large, focally cystic to solid Yellow areas of lipid laden cells
39
Histological appearance of granulosa cell tumours?
Follicular pattern (call-exner bodies) Cleaved, elongated nuclei (coffee bean)
40
What stain is good for granulosa cell tumours?
Inhibin
41
What are the complications of granulosa cell tumour?
Estrogen secretion - endometrial hyperplasia & carcinoma leading to precocious puberty
42
Granulosa cell tumours are malignant due to the potential for local spread, but does not have distal mets beyond abdominal cavity
pls note
43
Some features of sertoli-leydig cell tumours? Just read and try to remember lol
Rare mesenchymal tumour of low grade malignant potential Resembles embryonic testis Androgen secreting Common in young women
44
How does mets to the ovary occur (4)
1. Local infiltration into broad ligament - urethral obstruction - bladder involvement 2. Peritoneal Spread - Ascites with malignant cells in fluid - peritoneal nodules 3. Lymphatic spread 4. Hematogenous Spread
45
Where can Krukenberg tumours come from?
Mullerian - Uterus, FT, Peritoneum Extramullerian - Breast, GIT
46
Gross presentation of Krukenberg tumours?
Bilateral, friable and necrotic with vascular invasion

Gynae (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions