GYNE 2:1

Question 1

It is used to describe a situation in which a mother, her fetus, or both are at higher risk for problems during pregnancy or delivery than in a typical pregnancy.

Answer 1

High-risk pregnancy

Question 2

– is a pregnancy with a pre-existing or developing condition that threatensthe progression of the pregnancy, labor and delivery of a healthy term infant.

Answer 2

Risk Pregnancy

Question 3

are characteristics or circumstances of a person or group that are associated with an increased risk of developing or being affected by a morbid process.

Answer 3

Risk Factors

Question 4

– is a person with an increased expectation of disease or complication

Answer 4

At-Risk Individual

Question 5

Factors that may put the pregnancy at risk:

Answer 5

• Personal-social factors
• Socio-economic factors
• Behavioral factors
• Occupational factors
• Health care delivery

Question 5

Personal-social factors include:

Answer 5

• Maternal age (below 16 years old and above 35 years)
• Birth interval
• Weight is less than 100 pounds and more than 200 pounds
• Height less than 5 feet
• Parity

Question 5

Used to describe a situation in which a mother, her fetus, or both are at higher risk for problems during pregnancy or delivery than in a typical pregnancy.

Answer 5

High Risk

Question 6

Socio-economic factors include:

Answer 6

• Poor diet/ nutritional deficiencies
• Low Income
• Low educational level

Question 7

Behavioral factors includes:

Answer 7

• Maternal behaviors
• Smoking
• Use of drugs
• Use of alcohol
• Intake of caffeine

Question 8

who are more likely to develop pregnancy-related high blood
pressure and anemia and to go through preterm labor and delivery.

Answer 8

pregnant teens

Question 9

Short intervals between pregnancies were associated with higher risk for preterm birth and for having infants small for their gestation age.

Answer 9

Birth interval

Question 10

who are more likely to have small and underweight babies.

Answer 10

Women who are very thin

with a body mass index (BMI) of less than 19.8 or weigh less than 100 pounds before becoming pregnant

Question 11

who are more likely to have problems like very large babies (large-for-gestational age), which may be difficult to deliver.

Answer 11

• Overweight women (with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 before pregnancy)
• and obese women (with a BMI of more than 30)

Question 12

what do you call, in general, the number of pregnancies

Answer 12

Parity

Question 13

who are more likely to have shorter pregnancies, smaller babies, and higher risk for a preterm birth.

Answer 13

Shorter mothers

Height less than 5 feet

• Investigators found that a mother’s height directly influences her risk for preterm birth.
• They also found that maternal height, which is determined by genetic factors, helped shape the fetal environment, influencing the length of pregnancy and frequency of prematurity.

Question 14

Increases the risk for iron-deficiency anemia and preeclampsia leading to fetal malnutrition and prematurity;

Answer 14

Poor diet/ nutritional deficiencies

• decreased resistance to disease
• low birthweights
• Diet low in folate could lead to neural tube defects

Question 15

Related to malnutrition, strenuous job, interference with rest, poor prenatal check-up low educational status, poor finances, poor housing, and parental occupation, 72% Filipinos are within the poverty line.

Answer 15

Low Income

Question 16

Related to difficulty understanding and using health information

Answer 16

Low educational level

Question 17

• Puts the fetus at risk for preterm birth, certain birth defects, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
• Doubled or even tripled the risk of stillbirth, or fetal death after 20 weeks of pregnancy

Answer 17

Smoking

Question 18

What is done during pregnancy, which can interfere with normal brain development in the fetus, possibly causing long-term problems

Answer 18

Smoking marijuana

Question 19

Increase the baby’s risk for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), sudden infant death syndrome, and other problems.

Answer 19

Use of alcohol

Question 20

These are a variety of effects on the fetus that result from the mother’s drinking alcohol during pregnancy

Answer 20

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)

stillbirth

Women who drink also are more likely to have a miscarriage or stillbirth

Question 21

How many mg per day is considered Moderate caffeine consumption

Answer 21

less than 200 mg per day

Moderate caffeine consumption does not appear to be a major contributing factor in miscarriage or pre

Question 22

Exposure to heavy metals such as lead, air pollutants and particulate matters, bisphenol A, phthalate compounds, and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are promising and point to higher incidence of preterm birth.

Answer 22

Occupational factors

Question 23

Parity:

is the period of highest risk

Answer 23

risk pregnancy

Question 24

Parity:

the risk of death for the mother is at its lowest

Answer 24

Second/Third and Fourth pregnancy

Question 25

Parity:

marked increase especially when the pregnant mother is over 40 years of age

Answer 25

Fifth pregnancy

Question 26

a hereditary endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate or lack of insulin production that results in impaired glucose absorption and metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia.

Answer 26

Diabetes mellitus/Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Question 26

a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy

Answer 26

Diabetes mellitus/Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Formally defined as “any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy”

Question 27

Classification of Diabetes mellitus:

Answer 27

• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational Diabetes
• Impaired glucose homeostasis