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MCN 02 > GYNE 1:1-2 > Flashcards

GYNE 1:1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

This can be visualized within a framework in which nurses, using nursing process, nursing theory, and evidence-based practice, care for families during childbearing and childrearing years

A

Maternal and child health nursing

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2
Q

whilst offering women opportunities for personal development and fulfilment, this also present inherent risks.

A

Pregnancy and childbearing

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3
Q

What/Who set a target of reducing the maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 deaths per 100 000 live births by 2030.

A

The Sustainable Development Goals

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3
Q

According to the Department of Health (2020), health program implementers in the
Philippines face the following challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic:

A
  1. insufficient human resource for full implementation of essential health services
  2. limited access to basic health services,
  3. misconceptions and fears on immunization, family planning side effects, HIV stigma among its users
  4. increased barriers to healthcare-seeking behaviors
  5. record-keeping, surveillance and reporting measures were hampered as existing resources were tapped to perform COVID19-related tasks.
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3
Q

When did the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern

A

January 2020

and eventually as a global pandemic by 11 March 2020 (Department of Health [DOH], 2021)

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3
Q

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, how many maternal deaths were estimated to have occurred worldwide in 2017

A

295, 000

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3
Q

The leading causes of maternal deaths

A
  • severe bleeding after childbirth
  • infections
  • high blood pressure during pregnancy
  • unsafe abortion
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4
Q

This can be reduced through family planning, better access to highquality antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care by skilled health professionals.

A

Risk of maternal death

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5
Q

Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) averaged around ____ deaths per ____ live births in lowermiddle and low income Asia-Pacific countries in 2017

A

140:100 000

more than four times the upper-middle income and 14 times the high-income Asia-Pacific countries average respectively.

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6
Q

It reflects the effect of social, economic and environmental factors on infants and mothers, as well as the effectiveness of national health systems.

A

Infant mortality

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6
Q

These are important determinants of infant mortality:

A
  • health of the mother
  • quality of antenatal and childbirth care
  • preterm birth and birth weight
  • immediate newborn care
  • infant feeding practices
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6
Q

According to the Healthy Newborn Network (2017),

the leading causes of neonatal deaths in Philippines are:
* ____ (31%)
* ____ (24%)
* ____ (14%)
* ____ (17%)
* ____ (1%)
* ____ (6%),
* and other conditions (8%).

A
  • preterm birth complications (31%)
  • intrapartum related events (24%)
  • sepsis/ tetanus (14%)
  • congenital abnormalities (17%)
  • diarrhea (1%)
  • pneumonia (6%),
  • and other conditions (8%).
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6
Q

Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population:

A
  1. Families are smaller in size
  2. Increased Single Parents
  3. Increased mothers working outside home at least part – time (90%)
  4. Families are more mobile; Increased no. of homeless women & children
  5. Child and Intimate Partner Abuse
  6. Families are more health conscious
  7. Health care should respect cost containment
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6
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

  • Fewer family members are present as support people in times of crisis
A

Families are smaller in size

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7
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

Fewer financial resources esp. woman

A

Increased Single Parents

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7
Q

Role of Nurse if: Families are smaller in size

A

Fullfill the role

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7
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

Healthcare must be scheduled at times a working
parent can care for her own self or bring a child for
care.

A

Increased mothers working outside
home at least part – time (90%)

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7
Q

Role of nurse if: Increased Single Parents

A

Inform parents of care options and
back – up opinion

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7
Q

**Role of Nurse if: **Increased mothers working outside home at least part – time (90%)

A

Discuss selection of child care centers

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7
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

Screening for child or intimate partner abuse.

A

Child and Intimate Partner Abuse

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8
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

Good interviewing & health monitoring are
necessary so health database can be established
and continuity of care.

A

Families are more mobile; Increased
no. of homeless women & children

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8
Q

**Role of Nurse if: **Child and Intimate Partner Abuse

A

Be aware of legal responsibilities for
reporting abuse

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9
Q

**Role of Nurse if: ** Families are more health conscious

A

Provide health education

10
Q

What Trends in Maternal and Child Health Nursing Population is when:

Comprehensive care is necessary in primary care
settings because referral to specialists may no
longer be an option; Health insurance is not
available in all families.

A

Health care should respect cost containment

11
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

A
  1. Cost containment
  2. Increasing Alternative Settings and Styles for Health Care
  3. Including Family in Health Care
  4. Increasing Intensive Care Units
  5. Regionalizing Intensive Care
  6. Increasing the Use of Alternative Treatment Modalities
  7. Increasing Reliance on Home Care
  8. Increasing Use of Technology
  9. Free birthing
  10. LAMAZE birth method
12
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

reducing the cost of health by closely monitoring the cost of personnel, use and brands of supplies, length of hospital stays, no. of procedures carried out, and no. of referrals while maintaining quality care.

A

Cost containment

13
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

  • LDRP Rooms (Labor – Delivery – Recovery - Postpartum) a more natural
  • childbirth environment as a birthing room. Family members are invited to stay to be a part of childbirth.
  • Retail Clinics or Emergent Care Clinics located in shopping malls.
  • Ambulatory Clinics or at home to avoid long hospital stays for women and
    children.
A

Increasing Alternative Settings and Styles for Health Care

14
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

  • NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) or ICN (Intensive Care Nursery)
  • PICU (Pediatric Intensive Care Unit)
A

Increasing Intensive Care Units

15
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

ex. Premature infant transferred to regional hospital

A

Regionalizing Intensive Care

16
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

alternative method of therapies such as acupuncture and therapeutic touch; herbal remedies

A

Increasing the Use of Alternative Treatment Modalities

17
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

decreased hospital stay

A

Increasing Reliance on Home Care

17
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

use of internet, charting in computer, using Doppler

A

Increasing Use of Technology

17
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

women giving birth without health care provider supervision; unassisted birth

A

Free birthing

17
Q

also known as the psychoprophylactic method; teaches natural childbirth coping techniques, including comfort measures, relaxation, and breathing.

A

LAMAZE birth method

17
Q

a more natural childbirth environment as a birthing room. Family members are invited to stay to be a part of childbirth.

A

LDRP Rooms (Labor – Delivery – Recovery – Postpartum)

17
Q

Only by standardizing this can health care providers hope to target high-risk populations with effective interventions.

A

communication

17
Q

Trends in Health Care Environment:

breathing techniques

A

LAMAZE birth method

18
Q

Measuring Maternal and Child Health / Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health

A
  1. Birth Rate
  2. Fertility Rate
  3. Fetal Death Rate
  4. Neonatal Death Rate
  5. Perinatal Death Rate
  6. Infant Mortality Rate
  7. Childhood Mortality rate
  8. Maternal Mortality Rate
19
Q

what is it called with the – 6 weeks before conception and 6 weeks after childbirth

A

Perinatal Period

20
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of births per 1000 population

A

Birth Rate

21
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of pregnancies per 1000 women of childbearing age

A

Fertility Rate

21
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of fetal deaths weighing more than 500 g or more per 1000 live births

A

Fetal Death Rate

22
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

No. of deaths per 1000 live births occurring in the 1st 28 days of life.

A

Neonatal Death Rate

23
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

No. of deaths of fetuses weighing > 500g and within the first 28 days of life per 1000 birth

A

Perinatal Death Rate

24
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of deaths per 1000 live births in the first 12 months of life

A

Infant Mortality Rate

24
Q

the study of heredity and of the mechanisms by which genetic factors are transmitted from one generation to the next.

A

genetics

24
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of deaths per 1000 population in children; 1 – 14 y/o

A

Childhood Mortality rate

24
Q

Statistical Terms Used to Report Maternal and Child Health:

no. of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births that occur as direct result of reproductive process.

A

Maternal Mortality Rate

24
Q

This may occur at the moment an ovum and sperm fuse or even earlier, in the meiotic division phase of the gametes (ovum and sperm).

A

Genetic disorders

24
Q

is the process of:
* checking family medical history and medical records
* ordering genetic tests
* evaluating the results of these tests and records
* helping parents understand and reach decisions about what to do next

A

Genetic counseling

24
Q

relationship of the mother and the child to one another and consideration of the entire family, as well as the culture, and socio-economic, environment, as the framework

A

maternal and child health

24
Q

defined as the death of woman while pregnant or during childbirth or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from unintentional or incidental causes.

A

Maternal Mortality Rate

24
Q

includes direct deaths from obstetric complications of pregnancy, interventions, omissions or incorrect treatment.

A

Maternal Mortality Rate

24
Q

also includes indirect deaths due to previously existing disease, or diseases developed during pregnancy, where these were aggravated by the effects of pregnancy.

A

Maternal Mortality Rate

25
Q

the number of women who die from pregnancy-related cahses while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy
termination per 100,000 live births.

A

Maternal ratio mortality

MCN 02 (6 decks)

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