H Flashcards
(27 cards)
What was the purpose of the Lend-Lease Act?
It marked the US shift toward war
What did the War Production Board (WPB) stop making?
Non-essential items (e.g., passenger cars)
What did the War Ration Book One represent?
A shift to war production
What was the role of the Office of Price Administration (OPA)?
Issued ration books with points for purchasing goods
What did people need to turn in to purchase goods with restricted items?
Ration books with points and money
What did the War Labor Board (WLB) impose?
Ceilings on wage increases
What act allowed the government to take over striking industries?
Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act (1943)
What was the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) created for?
To monitor compliance with the executive order forbidding discrimination in defense industries
What was the impact of the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)?
Increased African American employment in war industries
What was the ‘Victory Tax’ of 1942?
It sharply raised income tax rates and allowed direct withholding from paychecks
How were Liberty Bonds used during WWII?
Sold to finance the war from personal savings
What temporary opportunities were created for women during WWII?
Filled factory jobs (e.g., Rosie the Riveter)
How many American women served in uniform during WWII?
Nearly 350,000
What organizations did women volunteer for during WWII?
- Women’s Army Corps (WAC)
- Navy Women’s Reserve (WAVES)
- Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPS)
- Army & Navy Nurses Corps
What role did women play in factories during World War II?
Women filled factory jobs, exemplified by figures like Rosie the Riveter
Rosie the Riveter became a symbol of female empowerment and workforce participation during the war.
How many American women served in uniform during World War II?
Nearly 350,000 American women served in uniform
This included volunteering for the Women’s Army Corps (WAC), the Navy Women’s Reserve (WAVES), the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPS), and the Army & Navy Nurses Corps.
What happened to women workers after World War II ended?
Women were forced out of jobs by men returning home
This was a common experience for women who had taken on roles traditionally held by men during the war.
What benefits were often denied to women veterans after World War II?
Women veterans were often denied access to benefit programs for veterans like the G.I. Bill
The G.I. Bill provided various benefits to returning servicemen, but women faced significant barriers.
When was all civilian auto production halted during World War II?
All civilian auto production was halted by February 1942
This was part of the shift towards supporting the war effort.
What significant contributions did Ford make to the war effort?
Ford built over 85,000 complete aircraft, over 55,000 airplane engines, thousands of engine superchargers and generators, and over 4000 military gliders
Despite Henry Ford’s anti-war views, his company played a crucial role in manufacturing for the military.
How did the US fund its World War II effort?
The US funded its World War II effort largely by raising taxes and tapping into Americans’ personal savings
Americans purchased approximately $186 billion worth of war bonds, accounting for nearly three quarters of total federal spending from 1941-1945.
What was the impact of anti-Japanese sentiment after Pearl Harbor?
High levels of anti-Japanese sentiment increased by US government propaganda
This sentiment was exacerbated by events such as the Bataan Death March of US POWs.
