This On Flashcards
(22 cards)
How did the US fund its World War II effort?
By raising taxes and tapping into Americans’ personal savings
The US also phased approximately $186 billion worth of war bonds, which accounted for nearly three quarters of total federal spending from 1941-1945.
What event led to high levels of anti-Japanese sentiment in the US?
The attack on Pearl Harbor
This sentiment was exacerbated by US government propaganda.
What was the Bataan Death March?
An atrocity involving the forced march of US POWs, contributing to hatred of the Japanese
The Bataan Death March was a significant event during World War II.
What was the Japanese Internment?
The forced relocation of 10,000 Japanese-Americans on the Pacific Coast into camps
This action was authorized by Executive Order 9066.
What motives underlie the claim of ‘military necessity’ for Japanese Internment?
Economic and racial motives
This justification was used by the US government to rationalize the internment.
What was the outcome of Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)?
The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the internment camps
This decision has been widely criticized in later years.
What was the Bracero Program?
A program that brought in Mexican migrants to fill labor shortages during WWII
It continued for 20 years after WWII, becoming integral to the agricultural economy in many western states.
What were the Zoot Suit Riots?
Riots in 1943 involving Mexican Americans in Los Angeles
The riots were characterized by racial tensions and conflicts over cultural expressions.
Fill in the blank: The US government authorized Japanese internment through _______.
Executive Order 9066
True or False: The US fought against Nazis in Europe while depicting Japanese in similar ways to how Nazis depicted Jews.
True
What was the purpose of the Bracero Program during WWII?
To bring in Mexican migrants to fill shortages of farm labor caused by the draft
The program continued for 20 years after WWII, becoming a fixed feature of the agricultural economy in many western states.
What event involved young Mexican-Americans being attacked by white sailors in 1943?
Zoot Suit Riots
The riots occurred in Los Angeles and were resolved after the Mexican ambassador’s emotional plea.
How did WWII affect the role of the federal government in citizens’ lives?
The federal government became much more involved in individual citizens’ lives
This involvement set the stage for the future role of government.
What agencies monitored employers and unions during WWII?
FEPC and WLB
FEPC stands for Fair Employment Practices Committee, and WLB stands for War Labor Board.
What personal needs were addressed for workers in defense industries?
Government-sponsored housing projects, day-care facilities, and health plans
These measures were part of the government’s efforts to support workers.
What was agreed upon at the Casablanca Conference in January 1943?
To fight until the Axis surrendered unconditionally
This was a key agreement between FDR and Churchill.
What significant agreements were made at the Tehran Conference in November 1943?
Agreement on a cross-channel invasion and Stalin’s promise to enter the war against Japan
This meeting involved the ‘Big Three’ leaders.
What compromises were made during the Yalta Conference in February 1945?
Allowed Soviets to remain in Poland and outlined punitive measures against Germany
These compromises were significant in shaping post-war Europe.
What was the main outcome of the Potsdam Conference in July 1945?
Demanding an immediate and unconditional surrender of Japan
Tensions that would lead to the Cold War were evident at this conference.
What major changes occurred between the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences?
FDR died, Truman replaced him, the US tested the atomic bomb, Germany was defeated, Soviets occupied Eastern Europe, and Churchill was replaced by Atlee
These changes marked a significant shift in the geopolitical landscape.
True or False: The Zoot Suit Riots were a result of racial tensions in Los Angeles.
True
The riots highlighted the discrimination faced by Mexican-Americans.
