H Flashcards
(11 cards)
- What titles did Horemheb hold during Tutankhamun’s reign?
He seems to have been given the title royal lieutenant in the middle of Tutankhamun’s reign, he was responsible for foreign affairs.
- Explain Horemheb’s earlier career.
- Evidence of his early career comes from inscriptions in the tomb in which he was building in Memphis Necropolis at Saqqara during Ay’s reign.
- Horemheb seems to have spent his early years in the army but it is doubtful if he was at Armana during the reign of Akhenaten and Smenkhare.
- He was selected by Tutankhamun to lead a punitive expedition to Nubia to coincide with the appointment of the new viceroy.
- During Ay’s reign, he was given the title chief overseer of the army.
- Whom did Horemheb marry?
He married Mutnodjmet, Nefertiti’s half sister.
- Why was Horemheb chosen to be the next pharaoh after Ay?
An inscription in Horemheb’s tomb claims Ay appointed him as his heir, and Horemheb also claims that he acted as vice regent of Egypt over a period of time and that an oracle from the god Amun had sanctioned his right to throne of Egypt.
- What major changes did he hope to initiate?
when Horemheb became king, his chief aims appear to have been
- Restore law and order
- To eradicate bureaucratic corruption
- To improve life for the lower classes
- To improve life for the lower classes
- To disassociate himself from the Atenist heresy
- To promote the view that he was the legitimate successor of Amenhotep III
- Assess the importance of Horemheb’s reign for the re emergence of Egypt
- By the end of his reign Horemheb had re-established the government of Egypt making it stable once more.
- This reemergence of Egypt is owned to Horemheb’s reform in the judiciary.
- He had done such reform by first touring upper and Lower Egypt for men of good character to support his stricter laws.
- Horemheb also removed the temptation for local officials to extort extra taxes from the peasants and revived the practice of giving monthly banquets to treasury official.
- Soldiers who had stolen property from the peasants were forced to return it and the king eased the peasant’s poor conditions by cancelling their taxes.
- He imposed harsh punishments for dishonesty and regularly inspected Egypt to make sure his orders were followed.
- Horemheb’s reign remains important for the returning state of Egypt, for he issued sanctions that were enforceable and effective.
- Who did he choose as his successor?
Pramesse succeeded Horemheb as Ramesses I, the first pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty.
- Explain Horemheb’s’ Edict of Reform.
Under the result of what he heard and saw during the tour of his kingdom after his coronation, Horemheb issued a decree now called Edict of Reform. The edict of reform outlined his plan for restoring the welfare of the Egyptian people.
This reform was inscribed on a Stela at Karnak and it recorded the corruption against officials, the inherent exploitation of lower classes and soldier abuse in acts of robbery and extortion.
- How and why did Horemheb destroy all the reminders of the Aten rule?
- Horemheb destroyed all the reminders of the Aten rule for he believed that the disastrous state of Egypt to blame for the start of the Aten by his Armana predecessors.
- The first thing Horemheb did was to credit all the recent monuments of Tut and Ay to himself by hammering out their names and replacing them with his.
- He then began to destroy all buildings and sites associated with the Aten.
- The sun temples of Karnak, Memphis and Heliopolis were dismantled.
- The inscribed blocks from Akhenaten’s temples were recycled and used as the core of the three pylons, which Horemheb added to the temple of Amun.
- Horemheb’s agents destroyed all reminders of the cult of the sun disk and those associated with it.
- At the same time of the destruction, an amounted effort was invested into restoring the name of Amun.
- How did Horemheb control Egypt’s Palestinian vassals?
He collected taxes owed by the Palestinian vassals and improved military strategy.
- Were there any other significant developments in foreign policy?
Redford and Alfred believe that Egypt joined forces with Assyria to prevent the Hittite king from threatening vassals in northern Syria.
