S Flashcards
(35 cards)
- How did Seti honor his father after his death?
When Seti came to throne, he honored his father by:
- Building a chapel for him next to his own magnificent temple at Abydos
- Providing a sanctuary for the cult of Ramesses I in his own great mortuary temple in western Thebes.
- What was his family background?
Seti was son of Ramesses I and Sitre.
- What were Seti’s ambitions?
- To restore those areas of Syria which had been part of the Egyptian empire by following the military strategies of Thutmose III
- To equal in magnificence the buildings of Amenhotep III
Why did Seti take a personal interest in improving conditions for the miners in the eastern desert?
Because of his non royal background, Seti was probably more aware than most kings of the hardships which his workmen and supervisors labored. He attempted to encourage them to make their work a little easier, by raising rations.
- Explain Seti’s ultimate objective
His ultimate military objective was to conquer the lands of Kadesh and Amurru, but he knew that if he were to achieve his objective he would have to follow the 3-step.
- What was the strategy used by Thutmose III that Seti wished to follow?
- To gain a firm hold on Palestine
- To control the seaports along the Phoenician coastline
- To launch his attack on central and northern Syria from the coast
- What was the problem with the records on the walls of the Temple of Karnak?
The records on the walls of the Temple of Karnak which provide an overview of his campaign, is difficult to decipher for it is hard to make out events chronologically.
- How did the records at Karnak describe the rebellion of the Shosu Bedouin?
According to the records at Karnak, the Shoshu Bedouin of Southern Palestine had revolted, ‘they have taken to cursing and quarrelling… they disregard the laws of the palace’.
- How did Seti deal with the Shosu Bedouin?
He moved with 3 divisions of his army against the poorly armed Shosu Bedouin near Gaza and then ‘dispatched the First Division of Amin, Mighty Bows, against the town of Hammath; the First Division of Re, Abounding in Valour, against the (captured) town of Beth-Shan; and the First Division of Seth, Strong of the Bows, Against the town of Yenoam’
- Seti was victorious in Palestine and Southern Syria. Explain what he achieved.
Seti had had reaffirmed Egypt’s hold on her possessions in Palestine and southern Syria, had control of the Phoenician coastline and had cut off the Hittite controlled territory of Amurru and Kadesh and face the opposition of the Hittites who ‘ were more formidable than the doughy Mitanni of Thutmose III’s day’.
- Why were the Libyans such a threat to Egypt?
Kitchen believes that the kings attempt to take Kadesh was interrupted by the need to deal with the Libyans who were threatening Egypt from the west. They were being pushed eastward as they were displaced by groups of Sea People moving into the coastal areas of North Africa. This movement was part of a general upheaval throughout the Mediterranean area at this time.
- What evidence do historians have regarding the campaign against Amurru, Kadesh and the Hittites
The reliefs on the walls of the hypostyle hall at the temple of Amun depict the storming of Kadesh.
- Explain the possible agreement Seti may have had with the Hittites.
It appears that Seti, satisfied that he had proved himself as a warrior may have signed a peace treaty with the Hittites. Although this was not recorded in Egyptian records, Seti seems to have stopped further attacks on Amuru and Kadesh in return for the Hittite acceptance of Egyptian control over Palestine and the cities along the Phoenician coastline.
- Why did Seti order military action in Irem?
These tribe’s men seemed to have planned a raid on the Nile Valley to seize cattle, crops and land if possible.
- What were the results of Seti’s military actions?
Between years 1 and 8, Seti carried out 5 campaigns by which he:
- Showed potential as a military leader
- Revived the image of the Warrior pharaoh which had developed in the early part of the 18th dynasty
- Satisfied his honor by being the 1st pharaoh to capture the formidable city of Kadesh in over a century
- Secured Egypt’s borders
- Proved that Egypt was once again a force to be reckoned with, by subduing rebellious tribes and cities in Palestine and restoring much of Egypt’s former territory along the Phoenician coast.
- What did Seti ask his officials to oversee? (B)
he directed many of his officials to oversee the construction and decoration of:
- A magnificent pure white limestone temple at Abydos
- A great columned hypostyle hall at Karnak
- A glittering summer palace at Avaris
- New work on the sanctuaries of Re at Heliopolis and Ptah at Memphis
- His mortuary temple and tomb in western Thebes
- Who was in charge of his different building works? (B)
The Vizier Nebamun supervised much of the initial building work but after 10 years, Paser became vizier of the South and took over construction work in Thebes. The viceroy of Amen-em-op, was responsible for the vital supply needed for the mansions of the gods.
- How did crown Prince Ramesses involve himself in his fathers building works? (B)
Crown Prince Ramesses not only visited his father’s building sites but was put in charge of the ‘multitude of works’ commissioned by the king at Aswan. This project involved the construction of huge barged for transporting the obelisks and black granite statues down river. Ramesses also spent much of his time at Abydos, supervising the work on his father’s cenotaph temple and the preparation of huge gold statue of the king for the sanctuary.
- Why did Seti take a personal interest in improving conditions for the miners in the eastern desert? (B/IA)
Because of his non-royal background, Seti was probably more aware than most kings of the hardships, which his workmen and supervisors labored. He attempted to encourage them to make their work a little easier, by raising rations.
- What was Seti’s solution for the miners in the eastern desert at Wadi Mia? (B/IA)
He sent workers to find a place suitable for digging a well ‘ in order that it might uplift the weary and refresh the heart of him who burns in the summer heat’
- In what way did Seti record his impressions regarding the gods having ‘made water come forth’? (IA/R)
Seti ordered the construction of a settlement for the mineworkers and gave directions to the stonecutters to build a temple in the sandstone cliffs. He dedicated this Temple of Wadi- Mia or Al- Kanais to Amun Re, Ptah, Osiris, Isis, Horus and Menmare (Seti).
- Why was Abydos considered a holy site? ®
It was supposedly the place where the head of the dismembered Osiris had been buried and where Egypt’s earliest kings had built their cenotaphs
- Who did Seti dedicate this temple to and why? (R )
Gardiner suggests that the temple was an attempt to placate Osiris and his priesthood. Not only did Seti dedicate the temple to the Triad—Osiris, Isis and Horus—but to the great national gods, Amun of Thebes, Ptah of Memphis and Re- Horakhte of Heliopolis. He also dedicated it to the service of the deified king Seti and to the remote kings of the past whose tombs were nearby.
- Describe the temple at Abydos in detail (B/R)
Unlike most temples, which are rectangular, this temple was L shaped. It was made from fine quality white limestone and featured seven chapels located behind a columned hall. Each chapel was fitted with a door of electrum and decorated with reliefs showing Seti offering to each of the gods, In scribed on each door was a dedicatory formula, The reliefs are best in the artistic tradition of Amenhotep III. Other features of the temple included:
- A number of clear rooms to the rear of the chapels with unique reliefs from the legend of Osiris.
- A gallery in which Seti listed the kings of Egypt from the time of Menes ro his own reign
- A small limestone chapel dedicated by Seti to his father, Ramesses I
