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HA Ch.21-24 Summer2013 > HA Chapter 24 Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

HA Chapter 24 Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Bandlike flat tendons connecting the process of the scapula

A

aponeurosis

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2
Q

Saclike structure containing thick fluid that surrounds the areas subject to friction, such as the interface between bone and tendon

A

bursa

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3
Q

Covering of a nerve that consists of connective tissue

A

epineurium

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4
Q

Small bundle of muscles, nerves and tendons

A

fasciculi

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5
Q

Fibrous band of tissue connecting bone or cartilage to bone that aids in stabilizing a joint

A

ligament

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6
Q

Type of tissue consisting of contractile cells or fibers that affects movement of an organ or part of the body

A

muscle

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7
Q

Substance forming the sheath of Schwann cells

A

myelin

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8
Q

A feather like pattern of muscle growth

A

pennate

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9
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds muscle

A

perineurium

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10
Q

Membrane surrounding a joint, tendon, or bursa that secretes a viscous fluid called synovia

A

synovial sheath

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11
Q

Fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone

A

tendon

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12
Q

The anterior portion of the body when in the anatomic position.

A

volar

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13
Q

The joint found in the shoulder that connects the clavicle to the acromion process of the scapula.

A

acromioclavicular joint

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14
Q

The quality of compromising varying values of a given property when measured in different directions

A

anisotropy

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15
Q

Conduit for impulses sent to and from the muscles and the central nervous system

A

nerve

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16
Q

Posterior linear equidistant artifact created when sound reverberates between 2 strong reflectors, such as air bubbles, metal, or glass

A

comet tail artifact

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17
Q

Upward movement of the hand or foot

A

dorsiflexion

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18
Q

Fibrous tunnel that contains the ulnar artery and vein, ulnar nerve, and some fatty tissue

A

Guyon’s canal or tunnel

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19
Q

Pointing of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot

A

plantar flexion

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20
Q

The bending of the sound beam at the edge of a circular structure that results in the absence of posterior echoes

A

refractile shadowing

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21
Q

Accumulation of serous fluid within tissue

A

seroma

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22
Q

Inflammation of the tendon

A

tendinitis

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23
Q

Skeletal muscle contains long, organized units called muscle ____.

A

fibers

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24
Q

The characteristic long fibers are under voluntary control, allowing us to contract a(n) ___ and move a joint.

A

muscle

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25
Q

A(n) ____ muscle has a division of several feather-like sections in one muscle, and the ____ is the convergence of fibers to a central tendon.

A

multipennate; circumpennate

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26
Q

The attachment of the muscle that occurs at the proximal and distal portion of the bundle is called a(n) ______.

A

tendon

27
Q

Tendons occur with or without a ____ sheath.

A

synovial

28
Q

The sheath surrounding a tendon has two layers. The fluid separates the layers in this part of the body: ___,___,___ and ___.

A

shoulder, hand, wrist, and ankle

29
Q

Short bands of tough fibers hat connect bones to other bones are ____.

A

ligaments

30
Q

The saclike structure surrounding joints and tendons that contains a viscous fluid is the ___.

A

bursa

31
Q

The knee has ___ bursa.

A

9

32
Q

A loose areolar connective tissue that fills the fascial compartment of the tendon lacking a synovial sheath is a(n) ______.

A

paratenon

33
Q

The dense ____ is another layer of connective tissue that closely adjoins the tendon.

A

epitendium

34
Q

Interwoven and interconnected collagen fibers found in the tendon run in a(n) ____ path.

A

parallel

35
Q

The proximal portion of the muscle is considered the ___, whereas the ____ is the distal end.

A

origin; insertion

36
Q

The normal nerve has a ___ appearance when compared with muscle; but it is ___ to tendons.

A

hyperechoic; hypoechoic

37
Q

The minute amount of viscous fluid contained within the bursa helps reduce ___ between the moving parts of the joint.

A

friction

38
Q

A Baker’s cyst is an example of a(n) ___ bursa in the medial popliteal fossa.

A

communicating

39
Q

Echogenic line on the anterior surface of the cartilage surrounding the humeral head

A

cartilage interface sign

40
Q

Hypoechoic hematoma found at the end of a completely retracted muscle fragment

A

clapper in the bell sigh

41
Q

The deltoid muscle is on the humeral head; seen with a full thickness tear of the rotator cuff

A

naked tuberosity sign

42
Q

Increase in wrist compression caused by hyperflexion of the wrist for 60 seconds; patient is holding the forearms upright and pressing the ventral side of the hands together

A

Phalen’s sign

43
Q

Test used to evaluate the integrity of the Achille’s tendon that involves plantar flexion with squeezing the calf

A

Thompson’s test

44
Q

Pins and needles tingling felt distally to a percussion site and either a normal or abnormal occurrence (e.g. hitting the elbow creates a tingling in the distal arm)

A

Tinel’s sign

45
Q

To begin the exam of the biceps, place the patient with a slight ___ rotation of the shoulder.

A

internal

46
Q

When facing the patient and imaging the right shoulder, the lateral anatomy displays on the ___ side of the image and the medial anatomy on the ____ side of the screen.

A

left; right

47
Q

The groove located between the greater and lesser tuberosities, coupled with the overlying transverse ligament, maintains the ___ tendon location.

A

biceps

48
Q

Using the biceps tendon as a landmark, angle the transducer ___ to locate the subscapularis tendon.

A

anteromedially

49
Q

The bandlike tendon that has a medium level echotexture is the ___ tendon and originates from the greater tuberosity of the humerus.

A

supraspinatus

50
Q

A good landmark to help find the anteriorly located infraspinatus tendon is the posterior ___.

A

glenoid labrum

51
Q

Fluid imaged ___ to the infraspinatus tendon indicates bursal fluid, whereas ___ fluid indicated joint effusion.

A

superficial; posterior

52
Q

The carpal tunnel is located between the ___ bones and the ____ retinaculum on the palmar side of the wrist.

A

carpal; flexor

53
Q

The ulnar artery and veins indicate the medial border of the carpal tunnel; whereas the most lateral structure is the ___ artery and veins.

A

radial

54
Q

The tendon that connects the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles to the calcaneous is the ____ tendon.

A

Achille’s

55
Q

The dislocation of the biceps tendon from the bicipital groove may be due to a problem with _____________________________________.

A

transverse humeral ligament, abnormal development of the bicipital groove, supraspinatus and/or subscapularis tears

56
Q

The ____ thickness tear involves either the bursal or articular cuff surface or the intrasubstance material.

A

partial

57
Q

The presence of large amounts of fluid in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa raises the chance of a non-visualized _____ tear

A

full thickness

58
Q

The normal tendon cannot be compressed; however, the injured tendon ___ as the torn edges move apart.

A

flattens

59
Q

Joint effusion around the biceps tendon combined with subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis results in the _____ sign.

A

double-effusion

60
Q

Acute tendinitis involves not only the tendon but the surrounding ____ sheath.

A

synovial

61
Q

The normal synovial sheath appears as a hypoechoic ____ around the tendon.

A

halo

62
Q

The abrupt stretching of the muscle beyond the maximum length results in a(n) _____ tear.

A

distraction

63
Q

External force resulting in a crush injury is considered a(n) ____ tear.

A

compression

64
Q

What are the sono findings for de Quervain’s tendinitis?

A

Characteristis anechoic fluid surrounding the extensor tendons of the hand; this fluid within the tendon sheath can create a halo effect

HA Ch.21-24 Summer2013 (4 decks)

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