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Health Assessment > HA exam 4 > Flashcards

HA exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Goodell’s sign

A

cervix softens at 4-6 weeks

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2
Q

Chadwick’s signs

A

cervix and vaginal mucosa has a cyanotic appearance at 8-12 weeks

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3
Q

Hegar’s signs

A

isthmus of the uterus softens at 6-8 weeks

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4
Q

What is the early sign of labor?

A

Dislodging of the mucous plug

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5
Q

Dypareunia

A

pain with sexual intercoarse

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6
Q

What can a late start of first period be a sign of?

A

an endocrine problem, underweight, or very athletic females

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7
Q

How long does a normal cycle typically last?

A

18-45 days

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8
Q

Amenorrhea

A

absent menses

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9
Q

Menorrhea

A

heavy menses

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10
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain, cramping with menses

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11
Q

Gravida

A

number of pregnancies

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12
Q

Para

A

number of births

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13
Q

abortions

A

interrupted pregnancies (elective or spontaneous)

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14
Q

What is an example of a permission type statement?

A

“Often girls your age experience…”

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15
Q

Where do the penis and scrotum lymph drain to?

A

the ingiunial lymph nodes

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16
Q

What is rugae?

A

thin skin folded on top of itself

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17
Q

What is the cremaster muscle?

A

pull or pushes the testes as a response to temperature

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18
Q

Where does the testes lymph drain to?

A

the abdomen

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19
Q

At birth what size should the testes be?

A

1.5 - 2 cm long and 1 cm wide

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20
Q

cryptochidism

A

undescended testes

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21
Q

What are the first signs of puberty in boys?

A
  1. enlargement of testes
  2. pubic hair
  3. penis enlargement
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22
Q

When you see both urine frequency and urgency what could this be an indicator of?

A

UTI

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23
Q

Red urine indicates…

A

cancer, cystitis, nephritis, common following prostate surgery

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24
Q

Tea colored urine indicates…

A

liver disease, may accompany jaundice, or blood

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25
Q

Cloudy urine can indicate…

A

UTI, kidney stones

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26
Q

Clear, pale yellow urine can indicate…

A

normal finding

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27
Q

amber color urine can indicate…

A

dehydration

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28
Q

If there appears to be a bulge when a patient strains what could this be an indicator of?

A

a hernia

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29
Q

Normal finding of the unguinal lymph nodes

A

an isolated node <1cm, soft, discrete, nontender and moveable

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30
Q

Abnormal finding of the inguinal lymph nodes

A

enlarged, hard, matted, fixed nodes

31
Q

Testicular Self Examination

A

T= timing, once a month
S= shower, warm water relaxes scrotal
E=examine, check for changes, report changes immediately

32
Q

Cooper’s ligaments

A

help connect breast tissue to the chest wall

33
Q

Where are the central axillary nodes located?

A

high up in the middle of axilla, receives lymph from the other three groups

34
Q

Where are the pectoral nodes located?

A

just inside the anterior axillary fold

35
Q

Where are the subscapular nodes located?

A

deep into the posterior axillary folds

36
Q

Where are the lateral nodes located?

A

along the humerus inside the upper arm

37
Q

Where does most of the lymph in the body drain to?

A

the ipsilateral axillary nodes (meaning same side)

38
Q

What is the only thing present in the breasts at birth?

A

just the lactiferous ducts

39
Q

When are the breasts the smallest size during the cycle?

A

4 to 7 days of menses

40
Q

What is mastalgia?

A

pain or tenderness in the breasts

41
Q

What is galactorrhea?

A

milky substance in non-breast feeding patients. This is a symptoms and not a disease itself

42
Q

What can retraction or fixation of the breasts indicate?

A

fibrosis from neoplasms

43
Q

What is the best choice for palpating the breasts?

A

the vertical strip pattern

44
Q

What is a fibroadenoma?

A

a solitary non-tender mass, type of benign breast disease; feels solid firm, rubbery, and elastic; move freely

45
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A

personality, behavior, emotion, intellect

46
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

sensation

47
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

hearing, taste, smell

48
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

visual reception

49
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

speech comprehension

50
Q

Broca’s area

A

speech production

51
Q

Where are the herberden’s nodes located?

A

the knuckle closest to the finger nail

52
Q

Where are bouchard’s nodes located?

A

the knuckle in the middle of the finger

53
Q

What is the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Rheumatoid is an autoimmune disease that effects people when they are younger til they are older and osteoarthritis is because of wear and tear of the joints

54
Q

What is effusion?

A

excess joint fluid. (sprained ankle)

55
Q

What is subluxation?

A

partial dislocation of a joint (pops out and comes back in on its own)

56
Q

What is contracture?

A

shortening of the muscle from lack of use

57
Q

What is ankylosis?

A

stiffness or fixation of a joint. can only extend to a certain point or cant extend at all

58
Q

What are some causes of carpel tunnel syndrome?

A

occupation (typing, machinery that vibrates), injury, pregnancy, metabolic disorders.

59
Q

What is an aura?

A

a warning sign of a seizure

60
Q

What is a test you can preform in the clinical setting to see if the cerebellum is functioning properly?

A

Tandem walk: heel to toe
Romberg test: holding hands out to the side

61
Q

Kinesthesia

A

pt closes eyes and identifies which direction their finger is moving

62
Q

stereognosis

A

identifies familiar object just off of touch

63
Q

graphesthesia

A

writing a letter or number of the pts palm and having them identify what you wrote

64
Q

What is a normal finding of the rooting reflex?

A

baby turns head when finger touching cheek.

65
Q

Plantar and palmar grasp

A

holding on to

66
Q

tonic neck

A

“fencing pose” head moves one way and the opposite arm curls up

67
Q

moro reflex

A

starle reflex

68
Q

What is a normal finding for the babinski reflex in babies and in adults?

A

babies: fanning of the toes
adults: curling of the toes

69
Q

Decorticate posturing

A

-rigid and extended legs
-pointed and turned in toes
-arms bent toward center of body
-curled wrists and balled hands against chests

70
Q

Decerebrate positioning

A

-rigid and extended legs
-pointed and turned in toes
-flexed wrists
-curled fingers
-straight, tense arms that are parallel to the body

71
Q

Flaccid quadraplegia

A

no tone at all, dead weight

72
Q

Kernig reflex

A

-knee flexes to 90 degrees and can’t straighten

73
Q

Brudzinski reflex

A

knees automatically come up w/ head movement

74
Q

What condition/disease are the kernig and brudzinski reflex a sign of?

A

Meningitis

Health Assessment (3 decks)

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