haber process

Question 1

effects of pressure

Answer 1

higher pressure - higher yield of ammonia as higher pressure leads to faster reaction

Question 2

effect of temperature

Answer 2

lower temp - higher yield of ammonia as it reduces the decomposition of ammonia

as reaction is reversible, some ammonia produced may break down and decompose back into nitrogen and hydrogen

Question 3

how is nitrogen and hydrogen h]gas obtained

Answer 3

nitrogen gas is obtained by the fractional distillation of liquid air

hydrogen gas is obtained from the cracking/breaking down of crude oil fractions

Question 4

conditions for hater process

Answer 4

• a pressure of 250 atm
• a temperature of 450degC
• presence of finely-divided (powder) iron catalyst

Question 5

inside a hater process plant

Answer 5

• nitrogen and hydrogen are mixed in the ratio of 1:3 by volume
• mixture of ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen is obtained and cooled
• ammonia gas condensed to a liquid (liquid pumper into tanks and stored under pressure)
• the unreactive nitrogen and hydrogen are transferred back into the converter tio be recycled ( minimise cost of aw materials and a higher percentage of reactants is eventually changed to ammonias)