HACEK group

Question 1

HACEK stands for___.

Answer 1

Haemophilus spp. (Aggregatibacter aphrophilus)
• Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
• Cardiobacterium hominis
• Eikenella corrodens
• Kingella spp

Question 2

T or F
HACEK group is dysgonic (slower or poorer growing).

Answer 2

False (ACEK)

Question 3

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans formely known as

Answer 3

Actnobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Question 4

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus formely known as __.

Answer 4

H. aphrophilus

Question 5

Which is not a general characteristic of HACEK group?
A. Both fermentative and non-fermentative
B. Predilection for attachment to heart valves (Endocarditis)
C. Normal flora of the oral cavity
D. Alpha hemolytic.

Answer 5

D.

Question 6

Risk factors for endocarditis of the HACEK group include ___.

Answer 6

tooth extraction
history of endocarditis
gingival surgery
heart valve surgery
mitral valve prolapse

Question 7

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
The meaning of “aphro” ____.

Answer 7

Foaming (needing a high concentration of CO2
)

Question 8

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus formely known as __.

Answer 8

H. aphrophilus and
H. paraphrophilus

Question 9

Most prevalent spp. Involved in endocarditis?
A. Aggregatibacter aphrophilus)
B. Eikenella corrodens
C. Cardiobacterium hominis
D. Kingella spp

Answer 9

A.

Question 10

Formerly in the genus Actinobacillus but now they are in Aggregatibacter.

Answer 10

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Question 11

Which member of the HACEK group can infect the humans through bite and contact?

Answer 11

Aggregatibacter
actinomycetemcomitans

Question 12

Aggregatibacter
actinomycetemcomitans is an etiologic agent of ___.

Answer 12

Periodontitis

Question 13

Major virulence factor of A.
actinomycetemcomitans.

Answer 13

collagenase and leukotoxin

Question 14

A. actinomycetemcomitans ferment ___ with the addition of serum.

Answer 14

CHO

Question 15

Characteristics of central colonies of A. actinomycetemcomitans within 48 hours.

Answer 15

Star shape with 4 to 6 points

Question 16

Appearance of A. actinomycetemcomitans in broth.

Answer 16

granular and adheres to the sides of the tube

Question 17

Which is not a characteristics of Cardiobacterium hominis?
A. Pleomorphic
B. nonmotile,
C. Translucent
D. Fastidious

Answer 17

C.

Question 18

Member of the HACEK group that usually present in GIT and infecf the aortic valve frequently.

Answer 18

Cardiobacterium hominis

Question 19

T or F
Cardiobacterium hominis usually shows false gram (+)

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Does the Cardiobacterium hominis pit the agar plate?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

Characteristics of Cardiobacterium hominis.

Answer 21

Spindle shape and opaque

Question 22

Infections often occur as a result of trauma, especially after human bites or fights.

Answer 22

Eikenella corrodens

Question 23

They are present because of Poor dental hygiene and oral surgery.

Answer 23

Eikenella corrodens

Question 24

T or F
Eikenella corrodens is sacchrolytic.

Answer 24

False (asacchrolytic)

Question 25

Least common isolate in endocarditis.

Answer 25

Eikenella corrodens

Question 26

Eikenella corrodens produces what color of pigment?

Answer 26

Yellow pignment

Question 27

Appearance of Eikenella corrodens on SBA.

Answer 27

slight greening effect due to growth

Question 28

They decolorization in gra stain

Answer 28

Kingella spp.

Question 29

Kingella Colonize URT especially the ___.

Answer 29

Tonsils

Question 30

Kingella can grow in _____. It also resembles ____.

Answer 30

Thayer martin agar N. gonorrhoeae

Question 31

It produce a yellow-brown pigment

Answer 31

K. kingae

Question 32

Two types colonies of Kingella.

Answer 32

- spreading, corroding -smooth, convex, B-hrmolysis

Question 33

Major gram-negative kingella spp. isolated from degenerative joint and bone infections (osteoarthritis) in ___

Answer 33

Children < 3yrs. Old

Question 34

Shape of kingella spp. Microscope.

Answer 34

Square ended shape