haem Flashcards
(20 cards)
most common cancer affecting kids
ALL
age ALL
2-5 years
symptoms ALL
anaemia: pallor, tired // neutropenua: infections // thrombocytopenia: bruising, petechia // bone pain, splenomegaly, fever!
types of ALL
common ALL // Tcell // B cell
poor prognosis ALL
<2 or >10 // WBC >20 // T or B cells // not white // male
what is ITP
immune reduction of platelets // type II hypersensitivity –> GP II
trigger ITP kids
vaccine or infection
features ITP
bruising, petechial rash
invx ITP
isolated low platelets // blood film // bone marrow
when is bone marrow required in ITP
only if atypical eg lymph, splenomegaly, white cells (symptoms cancer)
mx ITP kids
no treatment // steroids, IVIg, platelets if severe
when is jaundice always pathological
1st 24 hours
causes jaundice 1st 24 hours
rhesus, ABO, hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD def
when is jaundice normal in newborn
2-14 days (more common in breastfed)
what is prolonged jaundice in a baby
present after 14 days
important test prolonged jaundice
unconjugated vs conjugated bilirubin (raised conjugated may = biliary atreasia = surgery)
causes prolonged jaundice
biliary atresia // hypothyroid // UTI // breast milk jaundice // premature // congenital infection
what causes haemorrhagic diseases of the newborn
Vit K def –> reduced clotting factors –> bleeding, bruising, intrancranial haemorrhage
RF haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
breast fed + maternal AED
what is done to prevent haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
give newborns vit K
