hair Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
Steel wool hair
A
Menke’s Kinky Hair
2
Q
Menke’s Kinky Hair #1 hair abn
others
A
Pili torti,
T. nodosa and monilethrix
3
Q
XLR, ATP7A- Cu2+ translocating membrane ATPase
A
Menke’s Kinky Hair
4
Q
MKH
Bjornstad syndrome
Crandall’s syndrome, Citrullinemia
Bazex Follicular Atrophoderma
A
Pili Torti (Twisted hairs)
5
Q
XLD
Hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis
Multiple BCCs
A
Bazex Follicular Atrophoderma
6
Q
MR, seizures, cupids bow lips
A
Menke’s Kinky Hair
7
Q
P. torti with deafness
A
• Bjornstad syndrome
• Crandall’s syndrome
– P. tori with deafness and hypogonadism
8
Q
Two frayed ends like brooms ends
A
Trichorrhexis Nodosa
9
Q
Argininosuccinic aciduria
Citrullinemia
MKH, Trichothiodystrophy, Netherton’s
A
Congenital Trichorrhexis Nodosa
10
Q
- No argininosuccinase
- Acidosis
- MR
- Hair fluoresces red
A
Argininosuccinic aciduria
11
Q
- No argininosuccinic acid synthetas
- Perioral and anal dermatitis
- P. torti as well
A
Citrullinemia
12
Q
MKH, Trichothiodystrophy, Netherton’s
A
Congenital Trichorrhexis Nodosa
13
Q
Bamboo or ball-in-socket
A
Trichorrhexis Invaginata
14
Q
Clean break
A
Trichoschisis
15
Q
– Trichothiodystrophy or PIBIDS hair abnormalities
A
Trichoschisis -Congenital
Trichorrhexus nodosa
16
Q
• Netherton’s
– Icthyosis linearis circumflexa
– Atopy
-T. nodosa
A
Trichorrhexis Invaginata
17
Q
hair abn in Netherton’s
A
T. nodosa
Trichorrhexis Invaginata
18
Q
• Elliptical nodes that breaks at the nodes
A
Monilethrix
19
Q
– Short, brittle hair
– KP
– MR
– Nail and teeth defects
A
Monilethrix
20
Q
• Tiger-tail hair with alternating dark and light with NORMAL light (not polarized)
– Due to air spaces
A
Pili Annulati
21
Q
• Damage causing split ends
A
Trichoptilosis
22
Q
• Retention and desquamation of IRS
• Slides along shaft
vs nits
A
– Hair Casts
Nits do not slide
23
Q
- Triangular hair shaft with central groove
* Uncombable hair that is like spun glass
A
Pili trianguli et canaliculi
24
Q
Plakoglobin defect
• Woolly hair, PPK, cardiomyopathy
A
Naxos Disease
25
Naxos Disease inheritance
• AR
26
* AR
| * DNA helicase gene RECQL4
Rothmund-Thomson
27
* Sparse hair
* Poikiloderma
* Cataracts
* Hypogonadism
* SCC, BCC and others
Rothmund-Thomson
28
* Light, fine hair
* Sweating abnormal
* Teeth and nail abnormalities
* Frontal bossing
Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
29
* XLR
| * Ectodysplasin A
Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
30
* AD
* Connexin 30
* Hair loss, PPK, nails
Hidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
31
• T. effluvium
___ w after event anagen → telogen
___m later shedding occurs
– Three to five weeks
| – Two to three months
32
– Arrest of cell division
| • Radiation, chemo, poisoning
• A. effluvium
33
– Young girls
– Blonde
– Anagen (ruffled cuticle) on pull test
• Loose anagen
34
Ophiasis
• Peripheral loss
____prognosis than patchy disease
• Worse
35
– Congenital or during childhood
– Temporal areas
• Complete loss or only vellus growth
• Triangular
36
– Increased catagen on bx
• Trichotillomania
37
– Pigment on bx
– Trichomalacia
38
– Isolated patch
– 50% associated with a nevus
– Eye abnormalities
• Woolly Hair Nevus
39
– Post-puberty male
| – Gradual curling and darkening androgenetic alopecia
Acquired Progressive Kinking
40
– AIDS and retinoids are etiologies
Acquired Progressive Kinking
41
– AR
| – Hairless gene
• Papular atrichia
42
– Alopecia after birth
– Cysts on face and neck
– Few follicles present
• Papular atrichia
43
Vertex of black females
| May be related to styling practices
Follicular degeneration (central centrifugal scarring alopeca)
44
– Premature loss of IRS with fibrosis
(central centrifugal scarring alopecia)
45
– Perifollicular erythema
| – LP-like changes with scarring around follicle
• LPP
46
– Parry-Romberg
* En coup de sabre
| * Progressive facial hemiatrophy
47
– Boggy, crusted, pustules
| – Suppuration, PMNs and eosinophils
• Folliculitis decalvans
48
– AKA perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens
– Black males
– Inflammation, bogginess and sinus tracts
• Dissecting Cellulitis
49
– Associations
| • Trisomy 13, Adams-Oliver syndrome
• Aplasia cutis congenita
50
Hirsutism
| • Androgen-dependent hair____ growth in a woman
terminal
51
– Eyebrows, lashes and vellus hairs hormone dependent T/F
F
52
– Phenytoin
– Minoxidil
– Diazoxide
– Cyclosporin
• Drugs Hirsutism
53
Tumors can cause Hirsutism
– Adrenal
| – Ovarian
54
bind androgen receptor
Testosterone and DHT
55
• Hormones produced from
adrenals___
adrenal and ovary
ovary, adrenals, conversion from precursors
– DHEA
– Androstenedione
– Testosterone
56
– Mostly due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
| – Also 11-B-hydroxylase
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
57
– #1 cause of ovarian-induced hirsutism
• PCOS
58
• Labs suggestive of tumor
____> 8000 ng/ml
____ > 2 ng/ml
– DHEA
| – Serum testosterone
59
• Cushings
| Tumors – Adrenal, Ovarian
hirsutism
60
____ increased in PCOS
LH, Prolactin
61
* Treatment for hirutism
| * Inhibits ornithine decarboxylase
– Eflornithine
62
• Treatment for PCOS
| combo pill
– Glucophage
| – OCP -
63
* Aldosterone-like
| * Blocks androgen binding
– Spironolactone
64
• 5-alpha-reductase blocker
– Finasteride
65
Growth
– Fingernails—_mm/month
– Toenails—_mm/month
3 mm/month
| 1 mm/month
66
– Myeloma and yellow nail syndrome
• Absent lunula
67
```
Nail-patella syndrome
Congenital Onychodysplasia of
the Index finger (COIF)
Coffin-Siris syndrome
Deafness, Congenital,
Onychodystrophy, Recessive
form (DOOR)
```
• Anonychia
68
– Wilson’s, drugs, argyria
• Blue lunula(Matrix defect)
69
– • Beau’s line ARE Tranverse indented furrow from arrest at __
– After stressful event
matrix
70
– Rubenstain-Taybi (CREB-binding protein)
• Brachyonychia
| – Short nails
71
– Red and while longitudinal bands
– V-shaped nicking
– Subungual hyperkeratosis
• Darier’s
72
• Green nail CAUSED BY from bacteria
– Pyocyanin
73
what is Hapalonychia
– Thin nails
74
• Median canaliform dystrophy
| – Christmas tree pattern is caused by
– Proximal nail trauma
75
– Periungual fibroma
| – Tub sclerosis
• Koenen tumor
76
– LEOPARD syndrome
| – Plummer-Vinson
• Koilonychia
77
• Onychoschizia
– Distal splitting
78
• Onychorrhexis
– Longitudinal ridging
| – Age
79
• Onychomalacia
– Soft nails
80
• Onychomadesis
– Shedding
| – Systemic disease, drugs
81
– Trauma, drugs, systemic disease
• Onycholysis
82
– Arsenic, CHF or other systemic disease
• Mee’s lines(Transverse white lines)
83
– AZT, melanoma
• Melanocychia striata
84
– Nephrotic syndrome
– Hypoalbuminemia
– Liver disease
– Malnutrition
• Muehrcke’s lines
85
– Double white lines
• Muehrcke’s lines
86
• Onychocryptosis
– Ram’s nail
87
• Onychochauxis
– Thickened nails
88
• PPK, non-malignant oral keratosis, follicular hyperkeratosis
Pachyonychia
| – Type I- K6a and 16
89
Order of Embryogenesis
| “Have sex Every Afternoon
H air
S ebaceous glands
E ccrine
A pocrine
90
SHAFT
Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle
91
IRS
Cuticle
Huxley
Henle
ORS
92
• Platonychia can be found in
– Flattened nails– LP
93
* Steatocystoma multiplex
* Natal teeth
* No leukokeratosis
– Type II- K6b and 17
94
• I and corneal disease
– Type III Pachyonychia
95
• I, II, III and laryngeal disease, MR and amyloid
– Type IV Pachyonychia
96
- K6a and 16
Pachyonychia Type I
97
Acute paronychia
| cause #1
– Staph
98
• T. mentag and molds
– Superficial
99
– Proximal white subungual
* T. rubrum
| * HIV
100
* Patellae hypoplastic or absent
* Renal involvement
* Infection
– NPS
101
– Distal subungual
• T. rubrum
102
• Triangular lunulae
– NPS
103
• LMX1b mutation
– NPS
104
• Chronic paronychia caused by
– Candida and molds
105
– LP, CP, chronic GVH
• Dorsal pterygium
| – Proximal nail fold scarring
106
– Ventral nail plate and hyponychium fused
• Ventral pterygium
107
– Congenital and systemic sclerosis
• Ventral pterygium
108
– Areata, psoriasis, CO poisoning, COPD, cardiac, RA, liver disease
• Red lunulae
109
– Ragged cuticle from dermatomyositis
| ? sign
• Samitz
110
White until distal 2 mm
• Terry’s nails
111
– Cirrhosis, CHF, DM
• Terry’s nails
112
– 20 nails are rough
• Trachonychia
113
KID • Keratitis, ichthyosis, deafness
| inheritance
• AD/AR
114
– Idiopathic or from atopic derm, alopecia areata
• Trachonychia
