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GROSS ANATOMY > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

1
Q

what type of joint are interphalangeal joints and where are they located

A
  • synovial hinge joints
  • found between phalanxes
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2
Q

what type of joint are metacarpophalangeal joints and where are they located

A
  • synovial condyloid joints
  • between phalanxes and metacarpals
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3
Q

what type of joint are carpometacarpal joints and where are they located

A
  • synovial saddle in thumb
  • synovial plane in digits
  • between carpals and metacarpals
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4
Q

what type of joint are intercarpal joints and where are they found

A
  • synovial plane joints
  • between carpal bones
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5
Q

describe the palmaris brevis

A

Attachment:
- palmar aponeurosis
- flexor retinaculum
Insertion:
- dermis
Function:
- grip
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (sup. C8-T1)

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6
Q

describe the abductor pollicis brevis

A

Attachment:
- scaphoid
- trapezium
Insertion:
- base proximal phalanx of thumb
Function:
- CMC joint abduction
Innervation:
- median nerve (recurrent C8-T1)

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7
Q

Describe the flexor pollicis brevis

A

Attachment:
- flexor retinaculum
- capitate
- trapezium
Insertion:
- base proximal phalanx of thumb
Function:
- CMC joint flexion
Innervation:
- median recurrent nerve

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8
Q

Describe the opponens pollicis

A

Attachment:
- trapezium
Insertion:
- 1st metacarpal
Function:
- CMC joint opposition
Innervation:
- median nerve (recurrent C8-T1)

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9
Q

describe the adductor pollicis (transverse head)

A

Attachment:
- 3rd metacarpal
Insertion:
- base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function:
- adduction of CMC joint of thumb
- flexion of MCP joint of thumb
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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10
Q

describe the adductor pollicis (oblique head)

A

Attachment:
- capitate and 2nd/3rd metacarpals
Insertion:
- base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function:
- adduction of CMC joint of thumb
- flexion of MCP joint of thumb
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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11
Q

describe the abductor digiti minimi

A

Attachment:
- pisiform bone
Insertion:
- base of 5th phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
Function:
- abduction and flexion MCP joint little finger
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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12
Q

describe the flexor digiti minimi

A

Attachment:
- hamate
- flexor retinaculum
Insertion:
- base of 5th proximal phalanx
Function:
- flex MCP joint of little finger
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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13
Q

describe the opponens digiti minimi

A

Attachment:
- hamate
- flexor retinaculum
Insertion:
- 5th metacarpal
Function:
- weak opposition of little finger
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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14
Q

describe the lumbricals

A
  • small muscles from tendons off flexor digitorum profundus
  • 1st, 2nd unipennate
  • 3rd, 4th, bipennate
    Insertion:
  • dorsal digital expansion
    Function:
  • MCP joint flexion
  • IP joint extension
  • digits 2-4
    Innervation:
  • 1st & 2nd = median nerve (digital C8-T1)
  • 3rd & 4th = ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)
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15
Q

describe the palmer interossei

A

between metacarpal bones
Attachment
- 1st from 2nd metacarpal
- 2nd from 4th metacarpal
- 3rd from 5th metacarpal
Insertion:
- 1st to base of 2nd proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
- 2nd to base of 4th proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
- 3rd to bas of 5th proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
Function:
- adduction towards middle finger
- flex MCP
- extend IP
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

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16
Q

describe the dorsal interossei

A

Attachment:
- from sides of 2 adjacent metacarpals
Insertion:
- 1st into 2nd proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
- 2nd & 3rd into 3rd proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
- 4th into 4th proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
Function:
- abduction
- MCP flexion
- IP extension
Innervation:
- ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

17
Q

what arteries anastomose to supply the hand

A
  • radial and ulnar arteries
18
Q

what are the 2 palmer arches

A
  • superficial
  • deep
19
Q

describe the superficial arch

A

mostly from ulnar artery

20
Q

describe the deep arch

A
  • mostly from radial artery
21
Q

what lies on the lateral surfaces of the fingers

A
  • digital branches
22
Q

where does the radial artery pass through to anastomose with the ulnar artery

A
  • through anatomical snuffbox (over scaphoid & trapezium)
  • passes through heads of adductor pollicis
23
Q

where does the ulnar artery pass through to anastomose with the radial artery

A

enters the hand with the ulnar nerve

24
Q

what is a synovial sheath

A

synovial membrane + fluid

25
Q

where are synovial sheaths found

A
  • around tendons at wrist, palm and into digits
26
Q

what digits does the median nerve supply

A

anterior 1st, 2nd and 3rd
- half of 4th digit

27
Q

what digits does the ulnar nerve supply

A

anterior and posterior half of 4th digit and 5th digit

28
Q

what digits does the radial nerve supply

A

posterior 1st, 2nd and 3rd
- half of 4th

GROSS ANATOMY (16 decks)

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