Hand

Question 1

How many bones are in the hand?

Answer 1

29 muscles, 19 bones, 19 articulations

Question 2

What joints are in the hand?

Answer 2

CMC, MCP, IP
-thumbs of 1 IP joint
Fingers have PIP and DIP

Question 3

What kind of joint is the CMC of the thumb?

Answer 3

saddle

Question 4

What is the characteristic feature of a saddle joint?

Answer 4

each articular surface convex in one dimension and concave in other

Question 5

The longitudinal diameter of articular surface of trapezium is what?

Answer 5

concave from palmar to dorsal to direction

Question 6

The transverse surface of the trapezium is?

Answer 6

convex in ML direction

Question 7

How many degrees of freedom does the CMC joint have?

Answer 7

2 degrees: abduction and adduction; flexion and extension

Question 8

Abduction and adduction of the CMC joint occurs in what plane?

Answer 8

sagittal

Question 9

Flexion and extension of the CMC joint occurs in what plane?

Answer 9

frontal

Question 10

What is the axis of rotation for the CMC joint?

Answer 10

passes through the convex member of articulation

Question 11

What does full extension of the CMC of the thumb stretch?

Answer 11

anterior oblique ligament (AOL), intermetacarpal ligament (IML) ad abductor pollicis musclw

Question 12

What are the arthokinematics of abduction at the CMC joint?

Answer 12

anterior roll, posterior slide

Question 13

What are the arthokinematics of adduction at the CMC joint?

Answer 13

posterior roll, anterior slide

Question 14

What is primarily responsible for active rolling of articular surface of thumb metacarpal

Answer 14

abductor pollicis longus

Question 15

What are the arthokinematics of flexion at the CMC joint?

Answer 15

roll and slide in medial direction (concvex on concave)

Question 16

What are the arthokinematics of extension at the CMC joint?

Answer 16

roll and slide in lateral direction (concave on convex)

Question 17

Where is the axis of rotation of the CMC of the thumb?

Answer 17

trapezium

Question 18

Flexion of the CMC joint of thumb causes elongation and slack of what:

Answer 18

radio collateral ligament

anterior oblique ligament

Question 19

Extension of the CMC joint of thumb causes elongation what:

Answer 19

anterior oblique ligament

Question 20

What planes do flexion and extension of the MCP joints occur:

Answer 20

sagittal plane

Question 21

What planes do abduction and adduction of the MCP joints occur:

Answer 21

frontal plane

Question 22

What are the arthrokinematics of the MCP joint in flexion:

Answer 22

roll and slide in same direction (concave on convex)

Question 23

What are the arthrokinematics of the MCP joint in extension:

Answer 23

roll and slide in same direction

Question 24

What must be activated in MCP flexion?

Answer 24

flexor digitorum profundus

Question 25

What is taut in MCP flexion?

Answer 25

dorsal capsule | radial collateral ligament

Question 26

What is extension of the MCP controlled by?

Answer 26

coactivation of extensor digitorum and one of intrisinc muscles of finger

Question 27

What is taut in MCP extension?

Answer 27

palmar plate taut | slack in radio collateral ligament

Question 28

What are the arthokinematics of abduction at the MCP joint?

Answer 28

roll and slide in same direction

Question 29

What are the arthokinematics of adduction at the MCP joint?

Answer 29

roll and slide in same direction

Question 30

Abduction of the MCP joint is powered by what?

Answer 30

first dorsal interosseus muscle

Question 31

What is taut and slack during abduction of the MCP joint?

Answer 31

taut: ulnar collateral ligament slack: radio collateral ligament

Question 32

What is the AOR of abduction?

Answer 32

AP direction through the head of metacarpal

Question 33

What is the degree of freedom of IP joints?

Answer 33

one: flexion and extension

Question 34

What muscles power flexion of the IP joints of thumbs?

Answer 34

- flexor pollicis longus | - flexor pollicis brevis

Question 35

What is the AOR for flexion and extension of the IP joints?

Answer 35

AP direction through convex members of joints