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Exam 2 Skin block > Hand and spine > Flashcards

Hand and spine Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome: description

A

compression of ulnar nerve at elbow.Ulnar nerve between the biceps and triceps. Also between the medial epicondyle and the olecranon.

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2
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome: SX

A

numbness and tingling to the 4th and 5th digits

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3
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome: exam

A

flexion elbow tst, tinels at elbow

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4
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome: tests

A

EMG show reduction of 30% velocity

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5
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome: TX

A

behavior modification, (wearing a brace in sleep so arms aren’t flexed), surgical transposition

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6
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome: description

A

Compression of median nerve at the wristInside the carpal tunnel: Median nerve, flexor dgitalis superficialis, flexor digitalis profundus, flexor polics longis

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7
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome: sx

A

numbness and tingling to 1-3rd digits, night pain

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8
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome: exam

A

positive phalens, tinels, compression test

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9
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome: test

A

EMG show 30% velocity decrease

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10
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome: TX

A

night splints, steroid injections, carpal tunnel release

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11
Q

Trigger finger: DESCRIPTION

A

inflammation of flexor tendon gets it snapping through pulleys in hands

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12
Q

Trigger finger: symptoms

A

catching of finger when factively flexing finger

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13
Q

Trigger finger: exam

A

palpable knot that moves with tendon at distal palm

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14
Q

Trigger finger: tests

A

none

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15
Q

Trigger finger: TX

A

NSAID, steroid injections, A1 pulley release

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16
Q

Mallet finger: description

A

laceration of extensor tendon at base of the DP

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17
Q

Mallet finger: SX

A

inability to straighten fingertip

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18
Q

Mallet finger: exam

A

inability to straighten finger tip

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19
Q

Mallet finger: Test

A

X ray may show avulsion fracture at base of DP

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20
Q

Mallet finger: Tx

A

Stack splinting

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21
Q

De quervain tenosynovitis: description

A

Swelling and inflammation fo the tendons taht run throught he 1st dorsal compartment (Extensor policis brevis and abductor policis longus)

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22
Q

De quervain tenosynovitis: SX

A

pain over radial styloid

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23
Q

De quervain tenosynovitis: exam

A

finklestein’s test

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24
Q

De quervain tenosynovitis: test

A

none

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25
De quervain tenosynovitis: TX
Splint, NSAIDs, steroid injection, release of compartment
26
Dupuytren disease: description
nodular thickening of palmar fascia (northern european descent)
27
Dupuytren disease: SX
painless nodules that eventually draw the 4th and 5th digits
28
Dupuytren disease: Exam
cords may form causing flexion of the digits, table top test
29
Dupuytren disease: Test
none
30
Dupuytren disease: Treatment
splinting, celleganase injection, fasciotomies
31
Low back pain: description
80% have no cause
32
Low back pain: SX
Low back pain with even a trivial event, radiating to buttocks
33
Low back pain: Exam
diffuse LBP to palpation, stiffROM. Reflexes and neuro exam is normal.
34
Low back pain:test
no testing for 6 weeks unless atypical pain. Then x ray then MRI
35
Low back pain:TX
Nsaids, no bedrest, then PT
36
Herniated nucleus pulposis: description
extrusion of center of disk posteriorly, compressing nerve roots. Most common at L4-5 and L5-S1L4: KneeL5: Big toeS1: pinky toeS1 and S2: achilles reflexT10: belly button
37
Herniated nucleus pulposis: SX
usually abrupt, but may be insidious. Unilateral radicular pain, worse with activity
38
Herniated nucleus pulposis: exam
straight leg raise, dermatomal weakness and parasthesias
39
Herniated nucleus pulposis: test
xrays may demonstrate narrowed disk space. MRI is diagnostic
40
Herniated nucleus pulposis: TX
NSAIDS, rest, then PT, epidural steroid injections, the discectomy
41
Spondylolistehesis: description
forward slippage of lumbar vertebral bodyPars defect may increase chance of slippage
42
Spondylolistehesis: sx
back pain from bending. may cause claudicaton
43
Spondylolistehesis: exam
dermatomal weakness, may feel spinous process stepoffs
44
Spondylolistehesis: tests
Flexion/extension x rays of spine who slippage
45
Spondylolistehesis: TX
NASAIDS, surgical fusion
46
Spnodylosis: description
degenerative changes in teh facets of discs leading to osteophytes and possible nerve compression
47
Spnodylosis: SX
achy pain in spine, worse with ROM
48
Spnodylosis: exam
tender to palpation, stiffness, radicular or myelopathy may be present
49
Spnodylosis: tests
xrays show osteophytes and sclerosis. MRI can show pinched nerves
50
Spnodylosis: tx
nsaids, steroids, traction, surgical decompression and fusion
51
Cervical dermatomes
C6 thumbC8: pinky
52
Cervical myotomes
C5: deltoidC6: biceps flexors, wrist extensorC7: tricep, wrist flexorsC8: fingers flexT1`: interossei
53
DISH: description
idiopathic disease characterized by osteophyte formation spanning several vertebra. More than 1
54
DISH: sx
stiff spine and pain
55
DISH: exam
stiff spine
56
DISH: test
xrays show brdiging osteophytes over 4 vertebra, no HLA association
57
DISH: tx
nsaids
58
Radiculopathy: description
compression of nerve root
59
Radiculopathy: SX
unilateral radiating dermatomal paincompress nerve root as it exits
60
Radiculopathy: exam
ROM cause radiating pain, dermatomal weakness and parasthesias. No upper motor neuron signs
61
Radiculopathy: test
MRI shows nerve root compression
62
Radiculopathy: TX
NSAIDS steroid injections, PT traction. Surgical decompression
63
Myelopathy: description
compression of the spinal cordEdema in the spinal cord.
64
Myelopathy: SX
bilateral weakness, difficulty with fine motor tasks, wide based gait
65
Myelopathy: exam
bowel or bladder ysfunction, upper motor neuron signs
66
Myelopathy: tests
MRI shows cord compression
67
Myelopathy: TX
epidural injections may help but surgical decompression is recomended due to risk of permanent deficits

Exam 2 Skin block (22 decks)

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