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Anatomy > Hand, Carpus 1 > Flashcards

Hand, Carpus 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of bones in the hand?

A
  1. Carpals
  2. Metacarpals
  3. Phalanges
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2
Q

What are the Carpal Bones?

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Lunate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
  5. Trapezium
  6. Trapezoid
  7. Capitate
  8. Hamate
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3
Q

Which of the Carpal Bones are in the Proximal Row?

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Lunate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
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4
Q

Which of the Carpal Bones are in the Distal Row?

A
  1. Trapezium
  2. Trapezoid
  3. Capitate
  4. Hamate
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5
Q

What type of bone is the Pisiform?

A

Sesamoid Bone

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6
Q

Which of the Carpal Bones does the Radius articulate with?

A

Scaphoid and Lunate

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7
Q

Which of the Carpal Bones does the Ulna articulate with?

A

None, but forms an articulating surface with the Triquetrum

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8
Q

What are the parts of a Metacarpal bone?

A
  1. Head
  2. Shaft
  3. Base
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9
Q

What does the head of the Metacarpal articulate with?

A

The Proximal Phalynx–> forms the knuckle

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10
Q

What does the base of the Metacarpals articulate with?

A

The Carpal Bones

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11
Q

What are the parts of a Phalange bone?

A

For digits 2-5–> Distal, Middle and Proximal

For 1st digit (thumb)–> Distal and Proximal

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12
Q

Describe the 1st Carpometacarpal Joint

A

It is a saddle-type synovial joint–> gives the thumb a wide range of movements (Flexion, Extension, Abduction and Adduction)

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13
Q

What happens if the 1st Carpometacarpal Joint is Fractured?

A

Known as Bennet’s Fracture–> Caused by Hyperabduction of the thumb and results in no grip in the thumb

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14
Q

Describe Abduction in the fingers

A

Movement of the fingers away from the midline of the hand

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15
Q

Describe Adduction in the fingers

A

Movement of the fingers towards the midline of the hand

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16
Q

What nerve is responsible for Abduction and Adduction in the fingers?

A

Ulnar Nerve

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17
Q

What are the Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand?

A
  1. Thenar Muscles
  2. Hypothenar Muscles
  3. Lumbricals
  4. Interossei Muscles
  5. Palmaris Brevis
  6. Adductor Pollicis
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18
Q

What are the Thenar Muscles?

A
  1. Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB)
  2. Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB)
  3. Opponens Pollicis (OP)
  4. Adductor Pollicis
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19
Q

What is the origin of Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB)?

A

Lateral Carpal Bones

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20
Q

Where does the Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB) Attach?

A

Proximal Phalanx of thumb

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21
Q

What is the nerve supply of Abductor Pollicis Brevis APB)?

A

Median Nerve

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22
Q

What is the function of Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB)?

A

Abduction of the Thumb

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23
Q

What is the origin of Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Lateral Carpal Bones

24
Q

Where does Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB) attach?

Study These Flashcards
A

Proximal Phalanx of Thumb

25
What is the nerve supply of Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB)?
Median Nerve
26
What is the function of Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB)?
Flexion of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of Thumb
27
What is the origin of Opponens Pollicis (OP)
Lateral Carpal Bones
28
Where does Opponens Pollicis (OP) attach?
The Lateral Border of the 1st Metacarpal
29
What is the nerve supply of Opponens Pollicis (OP)?
Median Nerve
30
What is the function of Opponens Pollicis (OP)?
Opposition of the Thumb
31
What is the origin of Adductor Pollicis?
Capitate, 2nd and 3rd Metacarpals
32
Where does Adductor Pollicis attach?
Proximal 1st Phalanx
33
What is the nerve supply of Adductor Pollicis?
Ulnar Nerve
34
What is the function of Adductor Pollicis?
Adduction of the Thumb
35
What are the Hypothenar Muscles?
1. Abductor Digiti Minimi 2. Flexor Digiti Minimi 3. Opponens Digiti Minimi
36
What is the nerve supply of the Hypothenar Muscles?
Ulnar Nerve
37
What are Lumbrical Muscles?
Muscles that arise from the tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus--> They pass on the radial side of the metacarpophalangeal join to join extensor expansions
38
What are the functions of the Lumbrical Muscles?
1. Flexion of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint 2. Extension of the Interphalangeal Joints - -> Overall movement: Straight finger flexion
39
What is the nerve supply of the Lumbrical Muscles?
1/2 Median Nerve, 1/2 Ulnar Nerve
40
What are the 2 groups of Interossei Muscles?
1. Palmar Interossei Muscles | 2. Dorsal Interossei Muscles
41
What is the function of Palmar Interossei Muscles?
Palmar Interossei Muscles ADducts the fingers (PAD)
42
What is the function of Dorsal Interossei Muscles?
Dorsal Interossei Muscles ABducts the fingers (DAB)
43
What is the nerve supply of Interossei Muscles?
Ulnar Nerve
44
Describe the Nervous Supply of the Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
All the Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand are supplied by the Ulnar Nerve with the exception of 1/2 of the Lumbricals, Opponens Pollicis, Abductor Pollicis Brevis and Flexor Pollicis Brevis which are all supplied by the Median Nerve
45
What are Palmar Spaces?
Spaces between the Long Flexors and Interossei/Adductor Pollicis
46
What is the Palmar Aponeurosis?
The fascia overlying the palm of the hand
47
What is the function of the Palmar Aponeurosis?
To maintain the structural integrity of the hand during flexion
48
What are the borders of the Carpal Tunnel?
1. Carpal Arch | 2. Flexor Retinaculum
49
What forms the Carpal Arch?
1. Scaphoid 2. Trapezium 3. Trapezoid 4. Capitate 5. Hamate 6. Triquetrum 7. Pisiform
50
What passes through the Carpal Tunnel?
1. 4 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis 2. 4 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus 3. Flexor Pollicis Longus 4. Median Nerve
51
What happens if there is swelling/inflammation near the carpal tunnel?
There can be Carpal Tunnel Syndrome--> Compression of the Median Nerve, causing Motor Loss of the Thenar Muscles
52
What is the main concern if the patient has a Scaphoid Fracture?
Avascular Necrosis of the proximal part
53
How do you check if a patient has Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
1. Check the Thenar Muscles for Motor Function 2. Test the Sensory Function of the skin of the palm--> if it works, then the patient has Carpal tunnel Syndrome. If it does not work, the patient has a lesion in the Median Nerve prior to the Carpal Tunnel
54
How do you check for Scaphoid Fracture?
1. Press on the anatomical snuffbox of both hands of the patient 2. If it hurts and stays sore on 1 side compared to the other, there is a fracture there
55
What is caused by fibrosis in the Palmar Aponeurosis?
Dupuytren's Contraction--> results in shortening and thickening the the digital bands that pulls the 4th and 5th digits to varying degrees of flexion

Anatomy (14 decks)

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