Handout 11

Question 1

nature of the crew working on ships

Answer 1

multinational

Question 2

shipping industry is classified according to the following characteristics

Answer 2

• Type of vessels/ships
• Market sector
• The cargo which it carries

Question 3

This consists of vessels that can transport large quantities of bulk liquid and dry cargoes. Raw materials such as oil, grain, ores, and coal are usually loaded and occupy most of the transporting capacity of the vessel.

Answer 3

Bulk shipping

Question 4

consists of vessels that transport general cargo of smaller volumes through predetermined schedules and routes. It is less flexible compared to bulk shipping because of the structure of where it operates

Answer 4

Liner shipping

Question 5

consists of vessels that transport goods that require special conditions in handling, loading, and discharge. It applies the principle of “one vessel, one cargo” as the quantities are loaded in units and not in bulk. Some of these are motor vehicles, forestry products, refrigerated foods, and liquid gas

Answer 5

Specialized shipping

Question 6

This type of shipping is entirely different from the previous three (3) in terms of organization. However, the market sector it serves is not entirely different as those who use this
service do not share common characteristics. The demand varies depending on the purpose of travel.

Answer 6

Passenger shipping

Question 7

specially designed vessels for providing recreational voyages to passengers.

Answer 7

Cruise ships

Question 8

vessels that carry passengers and vehicles on regular routes and timetable that links two (2) or more ports. It can also be referred to as Roll-on, Roll-off (RORO)

Answer 8

Ferry boats

Question 9

These vessels have limited capacity but can travel at higher speeds. It has a doublebottom, which is an underwater part of the vessel that provides greater stability for difficult weather conditions

Answer 9

Catamarans

Question 10

high-speed vessels with inflated air-cushions on their bottom part.

Answer 10

Hovercrafts

Question 11

smaller vessels that have limited capacity but can travel at high speeds. The body of the vessel sits on the water surface while these are submerged to lift the vessel’s
body.

Answer 11

Hydrofoils

Question 12

an experience that can be generally described as “a vacation trip by ship.

Answer 12

Cruising

Question 13

it is a mixture of hospitality and maritime. it is manifested through the distinct terminologies and jargons used by cruise workers.

Answer 13

Culture

Question 14

indicate the type of operations in a vessel and the working and living conditions of the crew onboard, which is subject to international regulations.

Answer 14

Contracts

Question 15

the working environment changes from landscape to seascape. It provides an attractive experience to passengers and tackles political matters such as freedom of passage when traveling, among others.

Answer 15

Context

Question 16

Cruise industry tend to be multinational, workers are living close with fellow workers, and they are subject to industry regulations.

Answer 16

Community

Question 17

refers to the ship/s that will be used for cruise operations

Answer 17

The vessel

Question 18

the labor/manpower who will handle cruise operations.

Answer 18

The crew

Question 19

These are necessary materials that help the cruise and its operations run

Answer 19

Fuel and consumables

Question 20

includes clerical tasks/documentation.

Answer 20

Administration

Question 21

ratio of the customer to crew

Answer 21

2:1 or 3:1 (Two or
three customers are served by one crew member)

Question 22

The cruise product offers an extensive mix of experiences through the products that are unique to each guest on board.

Answer 22

Heterogeneity

Question 23

Cruise products are perishable and, if not sold, considered as a loss

Answer 23

Inelasticity

Question 24

The cruise product is a series of services put together to form the whole cruise experience.

Answer 24

Complementary

Question 25

Cruise lines offer different types of these to their guests, ranging from a simple cabin to penthouse suites, all depending on the vessel size and capacity. Some types may also include some form of entertainment and upgraded facilities such as television, jacuzzi, and balconies with furniture, among others.

Answer 25

Accommodation

Question 26

Cruise ships are usually viewed as a place to enjoy good food and good company, in which it offers a variety of these to its guests.

Answer 26

Food and Beverage

Question 27

is a flexible dining service that offers various food and cuisines to passengers. It is usually set up as a long table extending from one side to the other and is designed to serve a large number of guests.

Answer 27

Buffet

Question 28

Cruise lines have these which varies in terms of the type of services. ServIce types may depend on the brand of the cruise line and guest expectations.

Answer 28

Restaurant

Question 29

This establishment offers a variety of drinks such as cocktails, wines, liquor, and beers to guests, and is usually busy after dinner hours.

Answer 29

Bar

Question 30

This element of cruise products offers activities to guests.

Answer 30

Entertainment

Question 31

Serves as the venue for several headline entertainment activities such as musical extravaganzas, comedy clubs, magic shoes, and the like. This provides the largest venue that gathers guests altogether.

Answer 31

Theatres

Question 32

There are daily events in cruise ships that provide some form of entertainment activities, usually published in the ship's newspaper or bulletin board.

Answer 32

Daytime activity program

Question 33

Usually held at theatres and performed by musicians. It can also provide support to the ship's bars and lounges for music needs. these are operated by technicians who brocure and show movies

Answer 33

Music and cinema

Question 34

This consists of onboard sport and recreation activities such as skiing, golf, scuba, windsurfing, and the like

Answer 34

Leisure products

Question 35

- This element adds value to the cruise experience through tours that are conducted when ashore. It can range from traveling by foot to by coach, depending on the port of destination. Cruise companies mav use a third-partv option (tour providers\ or have a tour operator of their own

Answer 35

Shore excursions

Question 36

This element is usually provided through an arrangement from companies/professionals specializing in such. There are well-known providers that operate on cruise ships and offer treatments such as massage, hairstyling, yoga, manicure, and pedicure.

Answer 36

Wellness

Question 37

- This is the element of the cruise product that lets guests purchase certain items on board, such as jewelry, apparel, gift items, and delicacies, among others.

Answer 37

Shops

Question 38

Some cruise lines provide this to meet their guests' desire to gamble and feel a little bit of action and excitement onboard.

Answer 38

Casinos

Question 39

- This includes large ships that can carry both passengers and vehicles.

Answer 39

Roll-On, Roll-Off (RORO)

Question 40

This includes small boats that usually operate on rivers or other smaller water areas.

Answer 40

Water taxi

Question 41

- This includes ships that are designed to carry train wagons and railway vehicles.

Answer 41

Train ferry

Question 42

These are the primary mode of intercontinental transport during the 19th century.

Answer 42

Ocean Liners

Question 43

This includes small ships used for leisure such as parties, watersports activities, or simple relaxation.

Answer 43

Yacht

Question 44

This level of service is usually integrated with the land transportation system, common in destinations with waterfront areas such as ports and rivers.

Answer 44

Urban

Question 45

- Ferry services in this level supplements the regional road networks, especially in archipelagos and coastline areas. It serves both passengers and freight using larger vessels.

Answer 45

National/Regional

Question 46

Operators in this level of ferry service comply with distinct requirements and regulations depending on the territories they intend to cross.

Answer 46

Cross-border

Question 47

often mistaken for ports, which is just described in the passage above. these are described as land areas or structures designed to protect port areas from winds, currents, and waves, allowing for port activities to occur. It can be natural or artificial, although most of its configuration possesses both elements.

Answer 47

Harbor

Question 48

it is an area of land or structure where vessels are parked and their passengers cargo are loaded unloaded There are varieties of wall types used depending on the cost, durability, and conditions of the site.

Answer 48

Quay walls

Question 49

It is a free-standing structure built like a walkway extending to the sea/ocean. It allows the parking of vessels on both sides.

Answer 49

Jetty/Wharf

Question 50

It is a narrow structure that is resistant to forces from water currents and is used for parking vessels. these are flooded when vessels are being used and dewatered when vessels are stored.

Answer 50

Dry docks

Question 51

These are structures with a sloping paved surface that is used for launching small vessels. The ramp's measurement usually goes from the level of the land surface towards the top point below the low tide water level that provides enough depth to let the vessel float when launched.

Answer 51

boat ramps