Hannah Neuroanatomy

Question 1

Spinal Cord Function

Answer 1

Input-output of sensory and motor information to and from the CNS-PNS

Question 2

Medulla Function

Answer 2

Autonomic function (breathing, heart rate, etc. )

Question 3

Pons Function

Answer 3

Auditory and vestibular (balance), sensory and motor

Question 4

Cerebellum Function

Answer 4

Motor coordination and motor learning

Question 5

Midbrain

Answer 5

Visuomotor functions, visual reflexes, auditory relays, motor coordination

Question 6

Thalamus

Answer 6

(THINK RELAY) part of the diencephalon within the forebrain. Projects information to specific areas of the cerebrum, and controls which information is sent to the cerebral cortex

Question 7

Hypothalamus

Answer 7

(THINK HORMONE) Regulates homeostasis in conjunction with the autonomic nervous system

Question 8

Basal Ganglia

Answer 8

Centers for motor coordination

Question 9

Hippocampus

Answer 9

Memory Formation

Question 10

Amygdala

Answer 10

Emotion processing

Question 11

Corpus Collosum

Answer 11

Bundles of axons which connects the two hemispheres

Question 12

Limbic System

Answer 12

Primordial structure of emotional processing, includes amydala, hippocampus, fornix, and mamillary bodies

Question 13

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

Answer 13

Frontal, Temporal , Parietal , Occipital

Question 14

Frontal Lobe

Answer 14

Executive function, cognitive control, movement

Question 15

Temporal Lobe

Answer 15

Memory

Question 16

Parietal Lobe

Answer 16

Sensory Information Processing

Question 17

Occipital Lobe

Answer 17

Vision

Question 18

What primodrial structure is folded deep within the lateral sulcus? What does it do?

Answer 18

Insular Complex : effects conciousness, emotion, homestasis – compassion, empathy, perception, self-awareness, etc…

Question 19

Heschls gyrus

Answer 19

primary auditory cortex, located within the lateral sulcus (think inside of the temporal lobe

Question 20

What layer of what cortex has huge betz cells?

Answer 20

Layer V of the primary motor cortex

Question 21

BA: 3,1,2

Answer 21

primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus) - projects to primary motor (BA4)

Question 22

BA4

Answer 22

primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)

Question 23

BA 5 & 7

Answer 23

posterior parietal cortex - important sensory feedback to organize movement (sends info to BA 8/6, which sends infor to BA4)

Question 24

BA 8/6

Answer 24

Premotor/supplementary motor: receives input from the parietal lobe and projects to primary motor - responsible for organizing/planning sequence of muscle activation

Question 25

BA 44 & BA45 (BROCAS AREA)

Answer 25

Located in the frontal lobe of dominant hemisphere (usually left) - in the inferior frontal gyrus *Speech Production* Affected by stroke can lead to loss of language.

Question 26

BA 22

Answer 26

- part of the superior temporal gyrus - Includes wernikes area, which is a language processign region - Left side of brain: generation and understanding of words - Right side: pitch and sound intensity discrimination

Question 27

BA 41 & 42

Answer 27

Primary Auditory Cortex - Heschl's Gyrus + part of superior temporal gyrus - Located Bilaterally

Question 28

BA 17

Answer 28

Primary Visual Cortex

Question 29

Pathway in the Limbic System

Answer 29

From Amygdala to Hippocampus to Fornix to Mamillary Body to Hypothalmus

Question 30

What are some of the key white matter bundles and what do they do?

Answer 30

``` Anterior Commissure= Connects temporal lobes, esp. Amygdala Posterior Commissure (Connects L & R hindbrain) Corpus Callosum (Connects L & R Brain) ```

Question 31

Internal Capsule

Answer 31

*KEY WHITE MATTER BUNDLE* | Runs throughout inside of brain and connects mtor cortex to body

Question 32

The Dorsal striatum is made up of, and functions in?

Answer 32

Caudate and putamen, functions in (cognitive and motor functions ), relays info to Basal Ganglia to thalamus then to Primary Motor Cortex.

Question 33

Ventral Striatum is also called

Answer 33

Nucleus Accumbens

Question 34

What areas in the Ventricular System contain choroid plexus?

Answer 34

Body of Lateral Ventricles, 3rd Ventricle, 4th Ventricle

Question 35

What areas in the Ventricular System do not contain choroid plexus?

Answer 35

Anterior or Posterior Horns of lateral ventricles, Cerebral aqueduct