Hashing Flashcards
A one-way cryptographic function which takes an input and produces a
unique message digest
Hash
Algorithm that creates a fixed-length 128-bit hash value unique to the
input file
Message Digest 5 (MD5)
Condition that occurs when two different files create the same hash
digest
Collision
Algorithm that creates a fixed-length 160-bit hash value unique to the
input file
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-1)
Family of algorithms that includes SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-348, and
SHA512
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-2)
Family of algorithms that creates hash digests between 224-bits and 512-
bits
Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-3)
An open-source hash algorithm that creates a unique 160-bit, 256-bit, or
320-bit message digest for each input file
RACE Integrity Primitive Evaluation Message Digest (RIPEMD)
Uses a hash algorithm to create a level of assurance as to the integrity
and authenticity of a given message or file
Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC)
Uses digital signatures to provide an assurance that the software code
has not been modified after it was submitted by the developer
Code Signing
Original version of password hashing used by Windows that uses DES and
is limited to 14 characters
LANMAN( LM Hash)
Replacement for LM Hash that uses RC4 and was released with Windows
NT 3.1 in 1993
NT LAN Manager Hash (NTLM Hash)
Replacement for NTLM Hash that uses HMAC-MD5 and is considered
difficult to crack
NTLMv2 Hash
When asked about integrity think of what?
Hashing
A technique that allows an attacker to authenticate to a remote server or
service by using the underlying NTLM or LM hash instead of requiring the
associated plaintext password
Pass the hash
A penetration testing tool used to automate the harvesting of
hashes and conducting the Pass the Hash attack
Mimikatz
