Hatch - HPI

Question 1

Vocab term for:

Onset of androgen-dependent body changes such as growth of axillary and pubic hair, body odor, and acne.

Answer 1

Adrenarche

Question 2

Vocab term for: Pertaining toperipheralbody parts, such as toes and fingers

Answer 2

acral

Question 3

Vocab term for: skin tag.

Common in geriatrics. If seen in younger, consider Cushing’s.

Answer 3

acrochordon

Question 4

Vocab term for: Abnormal growth of the hands, feet, and face.
Overproduction of Growth Hormone (GH)

Answer 4

Acromegaly

Question 5

Acanthosis nigricans is related to: (2)

Answer 5

Insulin resistance (elevated insulin states)
Obesity (usually associated with Cushing's)

Question 6

Acanthosis nigricans is present where on the body?

Answer 6

Most notable sign is dark patches of skin with a thick, velvety texture.

Patches may appear on the armpits, groin, neck, elbows, knees, knuckles, or skin folds.

Lips, palms, and soles of the feet may also be affected.

Question 7

Women who have missed at least three menstrual periods in a row have _____.

Answer 7

amenorrhea

Question 8

MCC of amenorrhea

Answer 8

pregnancy

Question 9

Other causes of amenorrhea

Answer 9

inability to regulate hormones

Question 10

Girls who haven’t begun menstruation by age 15, have ____.

Answer 10

amenorrhea

Question 11

Discharge of milk-like substance from the breast.

Not associated with breastfeeding after pregnancy.

Answer 11

Galactorrhea

Question 12

Term reserved for describing prominence of eyes secondary to thyroid disease

Answer 12

Exophthalmosis

Question 13

Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Dz) eye condition term

VERY common in females

Answer 13

Exophthalmosis

Question 14

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball or eyeballs

Answer 14

Exophthalmosis

Question 15

Abnormal protrusion or displacement of an eye or other body part due to all other causes

Answer 15

Proptosis

Question 16

Condition of male-pattern hair growth in women.

Answer 16

Hirsutism

Question 17

Results in excessive amounts of stiff and pigmented hair on body areas where men typically grow hair —
face, chest and back.

Answer 17

Hirsutism

Question 18

Abnormal hair growth that often is caused from excess male hormones called androgens, primarily testosterone.

Answer 18

Hirsutism

Question 19

Onset of menstruation.

Answer 19

menarche

Question 20

Onset of puberty at an abnormally early age
Usually before the age of:
8 in girls
9 in boys.

Answer 20

Precocious puberty

Question 21

Appearance of sexual hair.

Answer 21

Pubarche

Question 22

Developmental stage during which secondary sexual characteristics appear.

Answer 22

Puberty

Question 23

irregular areas of skin that look like bands, stripes, or lines.
A result of rapid growth or weight gain.

Answer 23

Striae

Question 24

Onset of female breast development.

Answer 24

Thelarche

Question 25

Biological development of sex differences

Answer 25

Virilization

Question 26

Changes that make a male body different from a female body.

Answer 26

Virilization

Question 27

________ changes are produced by androgens.

Answer 27

Virilization

Question 28

Hashimoto's thydoiditis puts a patient at greater risk for development of...

Answer 28

other endocrine disorders such as adrenal, testicular, or ovarian failure

Question 29

Bottom line of endocrine HPI:

Answer 29

may harbor more than one endocrinopathy, so don't overlook the the history and physical exam

Question 30

Hypogonadal male has a _____ voice

Answer 30

high pitched

Question 31

androgenized female may have a ____ voice than expected

Answer 31

deeper

Question 32

Amenorrhea + galactorrhea + elevated prolactin =

Answer 32

pituitary tumor

Question 33

Amenorrhea + galactorrhea =

Answer 33

generally benign etiology --> consider the prolactin though!

Question 34

when evaluating the endocrine system of the pituitary gland through HPI, consider..

Answer 34

the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

Question 35

pt presents with red cheeks, moon face, and hirsutism... you think... What are those s/sx's?

Answer 35

Cushing's from high levels of cortisol Next think: adrenal glands or pituitary? S/Sx's: Hypertension, increased weight gain, facial flushing from vascular problems, distribution of fat around face/neck, decreased energy

Question 36

If male presents with normal body habitus, hx of normal erections, adequate libido, you can assume...

Answer 36

you can exclude hypogonadism

Question 37

Male presents with a full beard, fathered children, you can know that the patient does not have...

Answer 37

a primary hypogonadal process

Question 38

Patient presents with amenorrhea, you need to ask about what four things?

Answer 38

1. thelarche (breast development) 2. pubarche (onset of sexual hair) 3. adrenarche (onset of body changes) 4. menarche (onset of menses)

Question 39

When considering acromegaly, also check the size of... also compare what?

Answer 39

tight fitting rings increased hat size increased shoe size compare old versus new photographs

Question 40

Recent viral illness presenting with trouble swallowing and tender thyroid means...

Answer 40

thyroiditis

Question 41

Sx of: over activity, nervousness, jitteriness, and temp. intolerances suggests what in the younger patients

Answer 41

hyperthryoidism

Question 42

Sx of: depression, fatigue, mild weight gain, or difficulty loosing weight suggests what in the younger patients

Answer 42

hypothyroidism

Question 43

Increased thirst, increased urination, noctural frequency, weight loss or increased appetite

Answer 43

DB!

Question 44

What type of DB has a more acute presentation and has blurry vision, frequent infections, non-healing ulcers, numb or painful extremities?

Answer 44

T1DB

Question 45

Pt presents with recurring vaginal candidiasis or recurrent UTI's deserve a ____ workup

Answer 45

Diabetic evaluation/workup

Question 46

tall, thin, long arms, legs, fingers, and toes flexible joints and scoliosis

Answer 46

marfan's

Question 47

extra copy of X in genetic makeup

Answer 47

kleinfelter's

Question 48

low testosterone, reduced muscle mass, facial and body hair, breast enlargement, longer legs, short torsos

Answer 48

kleinfelter's

Question 49

enlarged hands, feet, overall bony growth

Answer 49

acromegaly

Question 50

palmer erythema

Answer 50

hyperthyroid

Question 51

HTN can suggest

Answer 51

cushing's

Question 52

hypotension can suggest

Answer 52

addison's

Question 53

Trousseau's (BP cuff on arm one) and/or Chvostek's sign (tap the zygomatic arch) indciates

Answer 53

hypocalcemia = hyperparathyroid

Question 54

axillary hair loss

Answer 54

hypopituitary

Question 55

supraclavicular fat pad

Answer 55

cushing's