Hazards and disasters

Question 1

Hazard

Answer 1

a situation with the potential to cause harm

Question 2

Hazard event

Answer 2

when the event actually occurs

Question 3

Disaster

Answer 3

a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material and economic or environmental losses

Question 4

the three main responses to a hazard

Answer 4

acceptance, fatalisic, adaption

Question 5

adaption

Answer 5

people who live in a hazard- prone area but are well prepared for any event

Question 6

acceptance

Answer 6

rusk of living in hazard prone area outweighed by benefit of area

Question 7

fatalistic

Answer 7

accept hazard events as unavoidable and out of human control

Question 8

4 main parts of the earth

Answer 8

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

Question 9

inner core

Answer 9

solid (iron)

Question 10

outer core

Answer 10

liquid (iron and nickel)

Question 11

mantle

Answer 11

molten, semi molten, iron, magnesium

Question 12

crust

Answer 12

lithosphere= earths outer 100km (soil, minerals, rock)
oceanic + continental crust

Question 13

continental crust

Answer 13

thick, less dense, doesn’t subduct

Question 14

oceanic crust

Answer 14

thin, more dense, subduct

Question 15

6 types of geological hazards

Answer 15

volcanoes
Earthquake
tsunami
landslides
avalanches
sinkholes

Question 16

plate boundary

Answer 16

divergent plate movement, convergent plate movement, transform plate movement

Question 17

divergent plate movement

Answer 17

two plates moving away from each other + magma is rising to earths surface b/w the two plates

Question 18

convergent plate movement

Answer 18

when continental + oceanic plates collide, the thinner + more dense oceanic plate is overridden by less dense continental plate –> oceanic plate = forced down via subduction

Question 19

transform plate movements

Answer 19

location where two plates slide past one another, fracture zone that forms plate boundary = transform fault
commonly found in ocean basin

Question 20

rift

Answer 20

a valley is a low land region that form where earths tectonic plates move apart or rift

Question 21

volcanoe

Answer 21

crack/ fracture/ vent in earths surface which allows molten lava to escape earth through eruptions

Question 22

hot spots

Answer 22

magma driven up from strong conversion currents in mantle, rises and erupts through weakness in crust and forms volcanoes

Question 23

earthquakes

Answer 23

when tectonic plates grind, bump against one another, causing the release of energy

Question 24

richter scale

Answer 24

a scale of numbers which is used to tell the size of earthquakes based on a seismogram measured by a seismometer at a distance of 100km from the earthquakes

Question 25

tsunami

Answer 25

a quake caused by a geological hazard which is under the sea, resulting in the release of energy causing the ocean surface to lift and travel

Question 26

subduction zone seismicity

Answer 26

geographical and historical distribution of earthquakes, seismic activity along subduction zones

Question 27

DART II

Answer 27

a common devise used to predict tsunamis by tracking the shift in the oceans sea level every 15 seconds. Relays data back to warning centres