Hazards: E15 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What type of eruption was the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
Plinian eruption
Highly explosive, producing large ash clouds.
When did the Eyjafjallajokull eruption begin?
20th March 2010
What was the peak date of the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
14th April 2010
Where is Eyjafjallajokull located?
Southern Iceland
What geological feature does Eyjafjallajokull sit on?
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
What type of plate boundary is associated with Eyjafjallajokull?
Divergent plate boundary
What caused the increased explosivity and ash production during the eruption?
Contact with meltwater from the glacier
How many people were evacuated during the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
800 people
What was the economic loss for airline companies due to the eruption?
$1.7 billion
How many flight cancellations occurred as a result of the eruption?
Over 100,000 flight cancellations
What was the daily loss for Kenyan farmers due to the eruption?
$3 million per day
What was the impact on the European economy due to the eruption?
Lost £80 million a day in trade
What was the projected volume of ash produced by the eruption?
10 million cubic metres
How high was the ash plume projected to rise into the atmosphere?
11m
What type of flooding occurred during the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
Local flooding from rapidly melting glacial ice
What measures were taken for social responses during the eruption?
Red cross centres opened to support displaced people
What long-term economic response was implemented for farmers affected by the eruption?
Temporary aid to replace lost livestock and clear ash
What environmental response was taken to protect settlements from flooding?
Dams and levees were quickly built
What was a key political response by the EU during the eruption?
Organised a collective airspace shutdown
Was Iceland prepared for the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
Yes and No
What did the Icelandic Meteorological Office monitor prior to the eruption?
Earthquakes and magma movement
What was one unexpected outcome of the Eyjafjallajokull eruption?
Scale of the ash cloud was significantly larger than expected
Fill in the blank: The Icelandic Civil Protection Department coordinated responses effectively, providing _______.
shelters and food
