Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the Glabella located?

A

It is just superior to the nasal bone between the superior margins of the eye socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The neurocranium is composed of 6 bones. What are they?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The viscerocranium is composed of 8 bones. List them.

A

Mandible, Maxilla, Zygoma, Vomer, Lacrimal, Nasal, Palatine, Inferior Nasal Concha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The bones of the cranial vault, or calvaria, are formed how? How does their formation differ from the majority of other bones in the body?

A

The bones of the cranial vault are created through intramembranous ossification. Whereas the majority of the other bones in the body are created through enchondral ossification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the fontanelles?

A

To allow for passage of the head through the birth canal, and to accommodate the growth of the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How long do fontanelles exist in the skull of the newborn?

A

7-19 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does bulging of the fontanelles signify in a newborn?

A

May indicate increased intracranial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three divisions of the cranial fossa?

A

Anterior, Middle, and Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What bones make up the anterior portion of the cranial base?

A

Frontal bone, Crista galli, Cribiform plate of the ethmoid, Lesser wings of the sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cranial nerve is contained in the anterior portion of the cranial base?

A

CN I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the posterior portion of the cranial base composed of?

A

Sphenoid, Temporal, Occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What landmarks are located in the posterior portion of the cranial base?

A

Foramen magnum, Hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen, and the internal auditory meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What bones make up the middle portion of the cranial base?

A

Sphenoid and temporal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What landmarks are located in the middle portion of the cranial base?

A

Sella tursica, chiasmic groove, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen lacerum, and the cavernous sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What neural tissues are located in the middle portion of the cranial base?

A

The pituitary, optic chiasm, optic nerve, internal carotid artery, temporal lobes and CN III, IV, V1, V2, and VI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What bones contain the sinuses?

A

Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Maxilla, Frontal, and Temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the mandible articulate with the temporal bones?

A

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the site of articulation of the mandible with the teeth?

A

Alveolar process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What nerve innervates the gums/teeth of the mandible?

A

Inferior aveolar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The temporomandibular joint is innervated by what nerve?

A

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What structure within the TMJ is implicated as a common cause of TMJ disorder?

A

The articular disc between the condylar process of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone

21
Q

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

A

To serve as an attachment point for the muscles responsible for speech and swallowing

22
Q

What ligaments suspend the hyoid bone from the styloid process of the temporal bone?

A

The stylohyoid ligaments

23
Q

What are the structures of the hyoid bone?

A

Body, 2 lesser cornua, and 2 greater cornua

24
Q

The bony orbit of the eye is made up of which 7 bones?

A

Frontal, Maxillary, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Lacrimal, Zygomatic, and Palantine

25
Q

What are the bumpy projections of the nasal cavity called?

A

The conchae or turbinates

26
Q

What structure separates the two nostrils at the midline?

A

The nasal septum, which consists of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, the vomer, and cartilage tissue

27
Q

What is the function of the conchae?

A

To warm and filter inhaled air. The mucosa serves an immune function by catching foreign antigen and exposing them to APC’s

28
Q

List the sutures of the skull and what bones create them.

A

Coronal - between the frontal and parietal bones; Saggital - between the parietals; Lambdoidal - between the parietal and the occiput; Squamosal - between the parietal and temporal

29
Q

What is the bregma?

A

The junction of the corona and saggital sutures

30
Q

Where is the pterion located?

A

At the junction of the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones

31
Q

Where is the lambda located?

A

At the junction between the lambdoidal and saggital sutures

32
Q

What are the two sphincter muscles of the face and what nerve innervates them?

A

Orbicularis oculi and Orbicularis oris - both are innervated by the Facial Nerve (CNVII)

33
Q

What are the muscles of mastication and what nerve innervates them?

A

Temporalis, Masseter, and the Medial and lateral pterygoids - all are innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CNV)

34
Q

What are the actions of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Depression and protrusion

35
Q

What are the actions of the medial pterygoid?

A

Elevation and protrusion (bringing the jaw forward)

36
Q

What are the actions of the temporalis muscle?

A

Elevation and retraction

37
Q

What are the actions of the masseter muscle?

A

Elevation and protraction

38
Q

What forms the borders of the posterior triangle?

A

The sternocleidomastoid, the clavicle, and the trapezius

39
Q

What forms the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

The sternocleidomastoid, the inferior border of the mandible, and the anterior midline of the neck

40
Q

What are the muscles involved in deglutition/speech?

A

The digastric, mylohyoid, sternohyoid, omohyoid, cricothyroid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid

41
Q

What muscles do the trigeminal nerves innervate?

A

The anterior belly of the digastric and the mylohyoid

42
Q

What muscle of deglutition/speech is innervated by the facial nerve?

A

The posterior belly of the digastric

43
Q

The sternohyoid, the omohyoid, and the sternothyroid are innervated by what nerve?

A

The ansa cervicalis

44
Q

The vagus nerve innervates what muscle of deglutition/speech?

A

The cricothyroid

45
Q

The thyrohyoid is innervated by what nerve?

A

The 1st cervical nerve, via the hypoglossal

46
Q

The facial nerve provides motor function through it’s five branches. List them.

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical

47
Q

The trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to the face and divides into three branches. What are they?

A

The ophthalmic division (V1), the maxillary division (V2), and the mandibular division (V3)

48
Q

The external carotid artery gives rise to two important arteries of the head. What are they and where do they travel?

A

The facial artery which travels around the lower border of the mandible towards the midline, and the superficial temporal artery which ascends posterior to ramus of the mandible, but anterior to the ear.

49
Q

What is clinically significant about the venous drainage of the face?

A

The facial starts just under the bony orbit of the eye and wraps around the inferiolateral border of the mandible, ultimately draining into the internal jugular. This vein communicates with the superior opthalmic vein, which is deeper into the cavernous sinuses of the face. This is a route of possible infection from the face to the cranial dural sinus

50
Q

The facial lymphatics follow what?

A

The major blood vessels of the face and neck

Musculoskeletal Anatomy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions