Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

List of Muscles > Head, Neck and Trunk > Flashcards

Head, Neck and Trunk Flashcards

(46 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Longus Capitis

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6
Insertion: Basilar part of the occipital bone
Nerve: First three cervical nerves.
Function: Bilateral Action: Flexion of the head on the atlas; Flexion of the cervical spine
Unilateral Action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Longus Colli

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C5 and the anterolateral surface of C5-C7 and T1-T3
Insertion: Anterior arch of the atlas; Anterior surgave of C2-C4; Transverse processes of C5, C6
Nerve: Ventral Rami of C2-C6
Function: Bilateral Action: Flexion of the cervical spine
Unilateral Action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior

A

Origin: Lateral aspect and transverse process of the atlas
Insertion: Basilar part of the occipital bone
Nerve: Ventral rami of C1, C2
Function: Flexion of the head on the atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anterior Scalene

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6
Insertion: Upper surface of the first rib
Nerve: Ventral rami of C5, C6
Function: Bilateral action: Flexion of the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Sternal head: Anterior aspect of the manubrium of the sternum
Clavicular head: Medial third of the clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of the skull
Peripheral Nerve: Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Nerve Root: Ventral rami of C2, C3
Function: Bilateral action: Flexion of the cervical spine; in the absence of cervical vertebral stabilizers, it extends the head on the atlas
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the cervical spine to the same side; rotation of the cervical spine to the opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Iliocostalis Cervicis

A

Origin: Angles of ribs 3-6
Insertion: Transverse processes of C4-C6
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Longissimus Capitis

A

Origin: Articular processes of the last 3-4 cervical vertebrae and the transverse processes of the upper 4-5 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Posterior aspect of the mastoid process
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the middle and lower cervical nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head on the atlas
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Longissimus Cervicis

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the upper 4-5 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Transverse processes of C2-C6
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Obliquus Capitis Superior

A

Origin: Transverse process of the atlas
Insertion: Occipital bone
Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital nerve
Nerve Root: C1
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head on the atlas
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the head on the atlas (minor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

A

Origin: Spinous process of the axis
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone (the lateral aspect)
Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital nerve
Nerve Root: C1
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head on the atlas
Unilateral action: Rotation of the upper cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

A

Origin: Posterior tubercle of the axis
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone (the medial aspect
Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital nerve
Nerve Root: C1
Function: Extension of the head on the atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Semispinalis Capitis

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the 7th cervical and the first 6-7 thoracic vertebrae and the articular processes of C4-C6
Insertion: Occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the first 6 cervical nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head and the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Rotation of the cervical spine to the opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the first 5-6 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Spinous processes if the first 5 cervical vertebrae
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the lower 3 cranial nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head and the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Rotation of the cervical spine to the opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spinalis Capitis

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the 7th cervical and the first 6-7 thoracic vertebrae and the articular processes of C4-C6
Insertion: Occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Extension of the cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spinalis Cervicis

A

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7, T1, T2
Insertion: Spinous process of the axis
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Extension of the cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7, T1-T3
Insertion: Lateral aspect of the superior nuchal line and the mastoid process
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the middle cervical nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the head and cervical spine
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Splenius Cervicis

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T3-T6
Insertion: Transverse processes of the upper 2-3 cervical vertebrae
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the lower cervical nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the cervical spine
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine to the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin: Pubis crest and symphysis pubis
Insertion: Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7; Xiphoid process
Nerve: Intercostal nerves 7-12
Function: Flexion of the vertebral column, particularly the lumbar spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

External Abdominal Oblique

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: By interdigitating slips from the external surfaces of the lower 8 ribs
Insertion: abdominal aponeurosis, anterior aspect of the outer lip of the iliac crest
Nerve: Intercostal nerves 7-12
Function: Bilateral action: Flexion of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column toward the opposite side

20
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of the middle lip of the iliac crest, the lateral half of the inguinal ligament
Insertion: Inferior aspect of the costal cartilages of the last 3-4 ribs, via aponeurosis into the rectus sheath, pectineal line of the pubic bone
Nerve: Intercostal nerves 8-12, Iliohypogastric nerve, Ilioinguinal nerve
Function: Bilateral action: Flexion of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column toward the same side

21
Q

Iliocostalis Thoracis

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Angles of ribs 7-12
Insertion: Angles of ribs 1-6; Transverse process of C7
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column

22
Q

Iliocostalis Lumborum

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Common erector spinae tendon from the median sacral crest, spinous processes of all lumbar and lower 2 thoracic vertebrae, dorsum of the iliac crests, lateral crest of the sacrum, sacrotuberous, and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
Insertion: Angles of the last 7 ribs
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column; elevation of the pelvis

23
Q

Longissimus Thoracis

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Between tubercles and angles of the lower 9-10 ribs; transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the vertebral column

24
Q

Multifidus

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Posterior aspect of the sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, posterior sacroiliac ligament, mammillary processes of the lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of the lower 4 cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Spinous processes of the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical vertebrae
Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves
Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the vertebral column
Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the vertebral column; rotation of the vertebral column to the opposite side

25
Semispinalis Thoracis
Origin: Transverse processes of T6-T10 Insertion: Spinous processes C6-T4 Nerve: Dorsal primary rami T1-T6 Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the vertebral column Unilateral action: Rotation of the vertebral column to the opposite side
26
Spinalis Thoracis
Origin: Spinous processes of T11-L2 Insertion: Spinous processes of the upper 4-8 thoracic vertebrae Nerve: Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves Function: Extension of the vertebral column
27
Quadratus Lumborum
Origin: Iliac crest, Iliolumbar ligament Insertion: Transverse processes of L2-L4; Inferior border of rib 12 Nerve: 12th thoracic and upper 3-4 lumbar nerves Function: Bilateral action: Extension of the lumbar spine Unilateral action: Lateral flexion of the lumbar spine; elevation of the pelvis
28
Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla, zygomatic arch Insertion: Angle and lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible, coronoid process of the mandible Nerve: Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Function: Elevation of the mandible (closes the jaw); Assists in mandibular protraction
29
Medial Pterygoid
Origin: Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, pyramidal process of the palatine bone, tuberosity of the maxilla Insertion: Medial surface of the ramus and the angle of the mandible Nerve: Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Function: Bilateral action: Elevates the mandible (closes the jaw Unilateral action: Protracts and deviates the mandible to the opposite side
30
Lateral Pterygoid
Origin: Upper head: Infratemporal crest and the lateral surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone Inferior head: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate Insertion: Anterior aspect of the neck of the mandibular condyle and the anterior aspect of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint Nerve: Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Function: Protracts and depresses the mandible (opens the jaw)
31
Temporalis
Origin: Temporal fossa of the skull Insertion: Coronoid process and ramus of the mandible Nerve: Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Function: Retracts and elevates the mandible (closes the jaw)
32
Occipitofrontalis (Frontal Belly)
Origin: Gale aponeurotica Insertion: Skin of the eyebrows and root of the nose Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Elevates the eyebrows
33
Corrugator Supercilii
Origin: Medial aspect of the superciliary arch Insertion: Skin of the medial half of the eyebrow Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Draws the eyebrows medially
34
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: Nasal part of the frontal bone, frontal process of the maxilla, medial palpebral ligament Insertion: Lateral palpebral raphe, corrugator supercilii and frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle, skin of the eyebrow Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Closes the eye
35
Procerus
Origin: Lateral nasal cartilage and lower part of the nasal bone Insertion: Skin over the lower part of the forehead between the two eyebrows Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Draws the medial angle of the eyebrows down
36
Nasalis
Origin: Medial aspect of the maxilla Insertion: Aponeurosis of procerus and contralateral nasalis muscles, alar cartilage Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Dilates the nasal aperture
37
Levator Labii Superioris
Origin: Inferior margin of the orbit Insertion: Lateral half of the upper kip Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Raises the upper lip
38
Levator Anguli Oris
Origin: Canine fossa of the maxilla Insertion: Angle of the mouth Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Elevates the angle of the mouth
39
Zygomaticus Major
Origin: Zygomatic bone Insertion: Angle of the mouth Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Draws the angle of the mouth upward and backward as in smiling or laughing
40
Orbicularis Oris
Origin: Other facial muscles, primarily the buccinator, levator anguli oris, and depressor anguli oris; Maxilla; Septum of the nose; Mandible Insertion: Skin and mucous membrane surrounding the mouth Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Approximates and protrudes the lips
41
Risorius
Origin: Parotid fascia overlying the masseter muscle Insertion: Skin of the angle of the mouth Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Retracts the angle of the mouth
42
Buccinator
Origin: Alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible, opposite three molar teeth; Pterygomandibular raphe Insertion: Angle of the lips Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Compresses the cheek
43
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Origin: Oblique line of the mandible Insertion: Skin of the lower lip Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Depresses the angle of the mouth
44
Mentalis
Origin: Incisive fossa of the mandible Insertion: Skin of the chin Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Raises and protrudes the lower lip; Wrinkles the skin of the chin
45
Depressor Anguli Oris
Origin: Oblique line of the mandible Insertion: Angle of the mouth Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Depresses the angle of the mouth
46
Platysma
Origin: Fascia covering the deltoid and pectoralis Insertion: Mandible, skin of the lower part of the face Nerve: Facial nerve (CN VII) Function: Draws the lower lip and corner of the mouth laterally and inferiorly

List of Muscles (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions