Head/Thorax/Abdomen and Neck cards Flashcards
(35 cards)
Rectus Abdominis
Origin- pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion- Xiphoid process and the 5th-7th costal cartilages
Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (venteral rami of T6-T-12 spinal nerves)
Action- Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses the abdominal viscera
-stabalizes and posteriorly tilts pelvis
Transerves Abdominus
Origin- Interal surfaces of 7yj-12th costal cartilages; thoracolumbar facia; Iliac crest; lateral third of the inguinal ligament
Insertion- Lina alba with the aponeurosis of the internal oblique; pubic crest; pecten pubis via the conjoint tendon
Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (venteral rami of T6-T12 spinal nerves) first lumbar nerves
Action- compresses and supports abdominal viscera
Internal Oblique
Origin- Thoracolumbar facia; anterior two thirds of the iliac crest; lateral two thirds of in inguinal ligament
Insertion- Inferior boarders of the 10th-12th ribs; linea alba’ pecten pubis via the conjoint tendon
Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (ventral rami of T6-T12 spinal nerves) and first lumbar nerves
Action- bilaterally flexes trunk
- Unilaterally rotates trunk ipsilaterally
- compresses abdominal
External Oblique
Origin- external serfaces of the 5th-12th ribs
Insertion- Linea alba; pubic tubercle; anterior half of the iliac crest
Innervation- Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11 spinal nerves) and subcostal nerve
Action- Bilaterally flexes trunk
- Unilaterally rotates trunk contralterally
- compresses abdominal viscera
Transverse Thoracis
Innervation- interacostal nerve
Action- weakly depresses ribs
Innermost Intercostal
Innervation- intercostal nerve
Action-
Interosseous part: depresses ribs during forced respiration
Interchondral part: elevates ribs during forced respiration
Internal Intercostal
Innervation- intercostal nerve
Action-
Interosseous part: depresses ribs during forced respiration
Interchondral part: elevates ribs during forced respiration
External Intercostal
Innervation- intercostal nerve
Action- elevates ribs during forced inspiration
Lateral Pterygoid
Origin- a triangular two headed muscle from (1) infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid and (2) lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion- Upper head attaches primarily to join t capsule and articular disc of TMJ; inferior head attaches primarily to pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of the neck of condyloid process of madible
Innervation- anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via lateral pterygoid nerve
Action- Acting bilaterally: Protracts madible and depresses chin Acting Unilaterally: swings jaw tword contralateral sid; alternate unilateral contraction produces larger lateral chewing movements
Medial Pterygoid
Innervation- Anterior trunk of madibular nerve (CN V3) via medial pterygoid nerve
Action- acts synergistically with masseter to elevate mandible
- contributes to protrusion
- alternate unilateral activity produces smaller grinding movements
Temporalis
Innervation- Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via deep temporal branches
Action- elevates mandible thus closing jaw
- Horizontal (posterior) fibers are primary retractors of mandible
Masseter
Innervation- Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via masseteric nerve
Action- elevates madible thus closing jaw
- superfical fibers make a limited contribution to protrusion of mandible
Logus Colli
Innervation- anterior rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves
Action- flexes head acting bilaterally
-contralateral rotation acting unilaterally
Longus Capitis
Innervation- Anterior rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves
Action- Flex head
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Innervation- Branches from the loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves
Action- Flexes head and help stabilize it
Rectus Capitis Anterior
Innervation- Branches from the loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves
Action- flex head
Posterior Scalene
Origin- Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae
Insertion- external border of 2nd rib
Action- laterally flexes head and neck
- elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
Anterior Scalene
Origin- Transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
Insertion- 1st rib
Innervation- Ventral rami of C4-C6 spinal nerves
Action- Laterally flexes head and neck to same side
-elevates rib during forced inspiration
Middle Scalene
Origin- posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae
Insertion- 1st rib
Innervation- Ventral rami of C3-C8 spinal nerves
Action- laterally flexes head and neck to same side,
-elevates first rib during forced inspiration
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin- mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line
Insertion-
Sternal head: manubrium of sternum
Clavicular head: medial third of clavicle
Innervation- spinal accessory nerve (CN XI, motor); C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)
Action-
Unilateraly- Ipsilat laterally bends and contralat rotates head and neck
Bilaterally: prodrudes head and neck, elevates sternum during forceful expiration
Stylohyoid
Innervation- stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
Action- elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth
Mylohyoid
Innervation- nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve (from mandibular nerve, CN V3)
Action- elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during speaking and swallowing
Posterior Digastric
Innervation- Digastric branch of facial verve (CN VII)
Action- working with infrahyoid muscles;
- depresses madible against resistance
- elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
Anterior Digastric
Innervation- nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve
Action- working with infrahyoid muscles
- depresses mandible against resistance
- elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
