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Health Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

DOT POINT 1

A
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2
Q

The WHO definition of health

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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3
Q

Strengths

A
  • It recognised that health is more than just physical H+W
  • Includes other dimensions including mental and social
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4
Q

Limitations

A
  • The use of ‘complete state’ - unachievable for most
  • Does not include all dimensions of H+W, such as spiritual or emotional
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5
Q

Health and wellbeing

A

The state of a person’s physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual existence, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy and engaged

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6
Q

Physical H+W (Dimensions of H+W)

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Relates to the functioning of the body and its systems: it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities and tasks

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7
Q

Physical H+W prerequisites

A
  • Healthy body weight
  • Freedom from illness, disease, or injury
  • Adequate energy levels
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8
Q

Social H+W

A

The ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations

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9
Q

Social H+W prerequisites

A
  • Effective communication with others
  • Supportive and well-functioning family
  • Supportive network of friends
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10
Q

Emotional H+W

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Relates to the ability to express feelings in a positive way. It is about the positive management and expression of emotional activities and reactions, as well as the ability to display resilience

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11
Q

Emotional H+W prerequisites

A
  • Recognise and understand the range of emotions
  • Effectively respond to and manage emotions
  • Have a high level of resilience
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12
Q

Mental H+W

A

Relates to the state of a person’s mind or brain and relates to the ability to think and process information.

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13
Q

Mental H+W prerequisites

A
  • Low levels of stress and anxiety
  • Positive self-esteem
  • High levels of confidence
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14
Q

Spiritual H+W

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Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the mind of human beings. It includes concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on a person’s place in the world

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15
Q

Spiritual H+W prerequisites

A
  • A sense of belonging and connection to the world
  • Positive meaning and purpose in life
  • Peace and harmony
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16
Q

DOT POINT 2

A
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17
Q

Prerequisites of health (9)

A

People Should Eat Edible Food Including Some Sustainable Stew
- Peace
- Shelter
- Equity
- Education
- Food
- Income
- Social justice
- Sustainable resources
- Stable ecosystem

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18
Q

Peace

A

Refers to the absence of violence or conflict

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19
Q

Shelter

A

A structure that provides protection from the outside environment

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20
Q

Education

A

The process of giving or receiving systematic instruction

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21
Q

Food

A

Food is required by the body for many processes such as energy production, growth and body system functioning

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22
Q

Stable ecosystem

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A

A stable ecosystem occurs when balance is achieved between the environment and the species that live in an environment

23
Q

Sustainable resources

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A

A sustainable resource is a resource that can be used to meet human needs and future generation’s needs, without degrading the environment

24
Q

Social justice

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A

Equal rights for all, regardless of personal traits such as sex, class and income, ethnicity, religion, age or sexual orientation

25
Equity
Equity means that disadvantaged groups are targeted to improve their quality of life and achieve minimum standards of living
26
DOT POINT 3
27
Different perceptions of H+W of youth (5)
There are various youth perspectives of H+W according to : - Age - Culture - Religion - Gender - Socioeconomic status
28
Socioeconomic status
SES is a measure of a person or a group’s, social and economic position based on income, education and occupation
29
What is meant by the subjective nature of H+W
Is the way in which people’s view of H+W is influenced/based on personal beliefs, feelings, experiences or opinions.
30
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspectives on health and wellbeing
- Culture - Connection to the land - Social and Emotional H+W
31
Culture
It states that being connected to culture, family and land contributes to significantly lower morbidity and mortality rates in remote communities
32
Land (3)
- The land is the core of their existence; it is their connection and spiritual relationship to ‘country’ which explains their identity - Their ‘second skin’ - They believe it is their duty to care for the land, and therefore they are strengthening their culture and H+W
33
Social and Emotional H+W
- Relationships - Positive family and community relationships
34
DOT POINT 4
35
Health status
An individual’s or population’s overall level of H+W, taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy, morbidity and mortality
36
Health status indicators (8)
- Self-assessed health status - Life expectancy - Mortality - Morbidity - Burden of disease - Rates of hospitalisation - Core activity limitation - Psychological distress
37
Self-assessed health status
Based on an individual's OWN perception of their H+W - Can range from excellent, very good, good, fair and poor
38
Life expectancy
An indication of how long a person can live - it is the number of years of life remaining of a person at a particular age if death rates to do not change
39
Mortality
Refers to death, particularly at a population level. There are two ways of measuring mortality : - Mortality rates (per 100,000 people in a 12 month period) - YLL - Years of Life Lost due to premature death
40
Morbidity
Morbidity refers to ill health in an individual/population. There are two ways of measuring morbidity : - Morbidity rates (amount of of people with a condition presented in a percentage, or incidence and prevalence rates) - YLD - Years of Life Lost due to time lived with disability
41
Burden of disease
- Burden of disease is a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries - Burden of disease contains Mortality + Morbidity data - Measured in a unit called DALY - DALY - Disability adjusted life years - YLD + YLL = DALY
42
Rates of hospitalisation
Provides an indication of levels of ill health that require medical treatment. Can result due to requiring care for chronic conditions and emergency care
43
Core activity limitation
When an individual has difficulty, or requires assistance, with any of the three core activities : - Self-care (Bathing/Showering) - Mobility (Moving around at home) - Communication in own language (Understanding/being understood by strangers, friends or family)
44
Measurement of core activity (4)
- Profound - Severe - Moderate - Mild
45
Psychological distress
Refers to unpleasant feelings and emotions that have an impact on an individual’s level of functioning
46
DOT POINT 5
47
Sociocultural factors (5)
The social and cultural conditions into which people are born, grow, live, work and age. The factors contribute to variations in health outcomes ( H+W dimensions or health status indicators)
48
Family
Family is the main provider for many resources such as shelter, food, clothing, emotional support and educational opportunities
49
Peer group
Young people often turn to their friends first for support and advice, instead of family members
50
Income
Family income
51
Health Literacy
Relates to how people access, understand and use health information and services in ways that promote and maintain H+W
52
Education
Those with higher levels of education report fewer physical health concerns and better mental H&W than those with lower levels of education
53
Socioeconomic Status
- The social gradient of health = the higher the SES, the greater the level of health, and the lower the SES, the greater the risk of poor health

Health (3 decks)

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