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health and disease Flashcards

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1
Q

range of human development index?

A

0 to 1 , indias0.64(-129) , highest Norway 0.95 rank 1

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2
Q

range of physical quality of life index

A

0-100 , india -65

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3
Q

physical quality of life index include components?

A

literacy rate
infant mortality rate
life expectancy at i year

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4
Q

human development index components

A

literacy rate
income per capita
life expectancy at birth

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5
Q

below poverty line according to caloric intake in rural and urban india is?

A

rural <2400 calories

urban <2100calories

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6
Q

bpl according to Tendulkar committee

A

rural <27rs per day

urban <33rs per day. 22%BPL

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7
Q

bpl according to rangrajan committee 2013-2014

A

rural <32rs per day

urban<47rs per day. 29.5% BPL

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8
Q

income per capita according to world bank

A

extreme poverty <1.90$ per day

moderate poverty <3.10 $ per day

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9
Q

epidemic is the type of what kind of fluctuation

A

short term fluctuation(sudden rise of disease within days ,weeks or months time)

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10
Q

what is long term fluctuation called

A

secular trend of disease(slow rise or slow fall) takes decades

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11
Q

cyclic trend frequency of mesels?

A

once every 2-3 years

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12
Q

cyclic trend of rubella?

A

6-8 years

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13
Q

why influenza has maximum cyclic trends

A

because it has antigenic value

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14
Q

most common food poisoning in india? and its incubation period

A

staphylococcal food poisoning, ip- 6-8 hours

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15
Q

what are the types of epidemics

A

single exposure, point source epidemic
multiple exposure , point source epidemic
propagated epidemic

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16
Q

what is propagated epidemic

A

slow rise, no peak , slow fall of cases ,,, eg tuberculosis

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17
Q

what is multiple exposure , point source epidemic

A

exposure is multiple time , multiple incubation period , multiple peaks known as secondary waves
eg- well contaminated with typhoid and its unknown to population

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18
Q

definition of epidemic

A

no of cases of disease clearly in excess of normal expectation or
new disease occurrence or
reoccurence of a disease

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19
Q

what is the formula to calculate epidemic

A

when no. of cases > Mean + 2(standard deviation)

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20
Q

definition of endemic

A

constant or continuous presence of disease in a population

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21
Q

largest pandemic of planet

A

sars cov 2 or hiv (i am confused)

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22
Q

which disease show all the characteristics of epidemic,endemic,pandamic,sporadic

A

influenza h1n1,h5n1

sporadic because it can mutate

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23
Q

what is control of disease

A

reduction of transmission of a disease so that it stops to be a public health problem

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24
Q

4 criteria of control of disease

A

decrease of incidence,complication,duration and financial burden

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25
what is elimination of a disease
complete interruption of transmission of a disease but organism is still present, elimination is regional/national
26
what is eradication
complete eradication of organism , eradication is a global term
27
when was small pox eradicated?, when was last reported case?
8th may 1980 , 1977(somalia) we waited 3 years to declare eradication
28
eliminated disease in india
guinea worm(dracunculiasis) - feb 2000 leprosy -dec 2005 maternal tetnus and neonatal tetnus-july 2016 yaws- july 2016
29
what are the elemination levels of leprosy and neonatal tetanus in india
<1case/10000 population | <0.1case/1000 live birth
30
free status diseases in india
polio- 27/3/2014 | trachoma-08/12/2017
31
what is monitoring
analysis of performance of routine measurement
32
for what diseases active surveillance is required
polio , tb ,malaria , kala azar
33
active surveillance of malaria is done by
MPW(M) multi purpose worker male, once every fortnight
34
active surveillance of polio is done by
SMO(surveillance medical officer)as part of acute flacid paralysis
35
what is sentinel surveillance used for? and for what disease
used to identify missed and hidden cases | HIV , (IN blood banks,anti natal clinics,std clinics)
36
4 levels of prevention of diseases
primodial primary secondary tertiary
37
bcg vaccine is what level of prevention
primary, specific
38
BCG vaccine in treatment of bladder cancer is what type prevention
secondary
39
condoms(hiv) what level of prevention
primary
40
condoms (in pregnency prevention) what level of prevention
primary
41
sputum smear examination for tb what level of prevention
secondary
42
CRUTCHES in polio is what level of prevention
tertiary level , rehabilitation
43
physiotherapy in polio is what level of prevention
tertiary , disability limitation followed by rehab
44
spectacles is what level of prevention
tertiary , dl followed by rehab
45
intra ocular lense is what level of prevention
secondary
46
what is the primodial level for prevention of malaria
source reduction
47
what level of prevention is best for tb
secondary
48
overall best level of prevention
primodial
49
best level of prevention for non communicable disease
primodial
50
best level of prevention for leprosy
secondary
51
what is 10 in ICD-10
10th edition,revised every 10 years
52
what are three volumes of ICD-10
CLASSIFICATION instruction manual alphabetic index
53
no of chapters in ICD-10 classification
22 chapters
54
which chapters consist of psychiatric diseases
f chapter
55
name of volumes of ICD-11
1- tabular list 2-reference guide 3-alphabetic index
56
no of chapters in ICD-11
26 chapters , and v , x
57
what is impairment
loss of anatomical,physiological,psychological function
58
what is disability
unable to perform routine activity(according to age and sex
59
standard of living indicators
H housing H HEALTH I income E education S sanitation R recreational activities O occupation Oothers N nutrition
60
socio economic indicators
``` Housing Family size Literacy Available per capita calorie Growth rate Gnp(gross national product) E unemployment Dependency ratio ```
61
what is case fatality rate
total no of deaths/total no of cases * 100
62
which disease has highest case fatality rate
rabies (almost 100%)
63
what is sullivans index
DFLE (disability free life expectency)
64
what is DALY
disability adjusted life years , years lost due to disability or premature death

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