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health and nutricen Flashcards

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1
Q

what are engagment patterns

A

these are pieces of data which hsow us how mnay people are particpaiting or not participaiting in sport

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2
Q

what is the definition of participaition rates

A

the number of people within a group who are involved in psorrt compared to those who are not

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3
Q

what is a social group

A

this is a group of two or more people who interact with on anotherthese peole share simialr charcteristics and collectivly have a sense of unity

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4
Q

what are all of the catagories of social group

A

gender age ethnicity disabillity and socio economic group

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5
Q

tell me about the social age group

A

young people have a wide variety of oppotunitys such as school sports and various clubs

aprt from walking the number of adults who take part in sport generally deacreases with age

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6
Q

give some sporting examples of age affecting participaition

A

33% of adults participate in sport 30 mins a week

40.1% of men and 30.5% ofwomne participate in moderate intesnity levles of sport at least once a week

14 plus is an important time as this is often when lifelong participaition is set

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7
Q

how does gender affect participaition in sport

A

males and femlaes are bothe encourages to take part in sport this may be through lack of oppotunity or the fear of the steryotyping

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8
Q

what are the barriers to woemnts participaition

A

time
confidence
body image
male dominaition
lack of oppotunitys
lack of medai coverage/role modles

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9
Q

how does ethnicity affect participaition in sport

A

among different ethnic groups participaition varies very little for men however women from white backgrounds particpate in a larger amount of sport compared with pople from chinese black and people from other ethnic backgrounds

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10
Q

how does diasability affect particpaition in sport

A

there are more oppotunitys becoming availiable for disabled people to participate in sport

these oppotunitys allow pople to compete against people of the same bracket

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11
Q

why is the lack of participaition from adults who dissabled lower to those who are not

A

lack of oppotunitys
lack of specialist coaaches
high cost for equipment
lack of access to facilites
low role modle/media coverage

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12
Q

what does our socio economic group relate to

A

it relates to our economic status (working class, middle class, upper class)

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13
Q

which socio economic froup competes the most in sport

A

more people from a higher class particpate in sport comapered to a lower class this is proven as in 2016 in the rio olympics32% of our medla winners were privatlly educated

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14
Q

why do people from a higher economic group participte in sport

A

increased oppotunity scolarships excellent coaching facillites
more time and resources

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15
Q

what are some strats to improve participaition in sport
(promotion)

A

more informaition/educaition on the benefits oppotunities of regular sport participaition like tv advertising to show benefits of regular excerise

wioder promotion of clubs that have lower participaition rates by national governing bodies

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16
Q

what are some strats to improve participaition in sport
(provision)

A

more facilites available for regular participaition ensuring ezch comunity is servced by a leisure center

enusre facilites are valiable for onger amounts of time in a day to allow peopleto particpate at which ever time fits them best

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17
Q

what are some strats to improve participaition in sport
( access)

A

introduction of adapted games e.g walking football walking basketball and touch rugby for adults

activites/sessions for adults only or age group sessions e.g adult 40+ fitness classes

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18
Q

what is comercialisaition

A

the act of making something availiable to be bought or sold for financial profit

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19
Q

how does the media affect comercilaisaition in sport

A

the more popular/ succesfull an athlete/ team/ sport is the more likly that brands will be interested in sponsoring them. for example a brand will want to support a premier league team comapere to a ligue 2 team

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20
Q

what are the different types of media coverage

A

social media: tix tok, x, facebook, snapchat etc

broadcst media television and radio: sky sports, TNT sports, ITV

print media such as news pappers/ magasins/ including broadsheets

internet such as online articles

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21
Q

what is the golden triangle

A

sponsorship
sport
media

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22
Q

what are the key points on the golden triangle

A

the media wants high qaulity entertaining sport. High quality sport attracts morse sponsors/ investors, bringing in more oeny into the sport

if the sport isnt of high standards and enterataining, less sponsors will be attracted so thee will be less media coverage and less moeny coming into the sport

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23
Q

what are the positive effects of having more media

A

increase the popularity of the sport

increase the satndard of the sport as the clubs will have more money to invest in better facilites

to provide a shop window for a bussinesses and their productas well as the sports

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24
Q

what are the negative effetcs of the media

A

less popular sports/ teams will have none of the media benefits as no one wants to watch them

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25
what is sponsorship
sponsorship is a form of advertising where a company pays more to be associated with a player, event or team
26
what are the different types of sponsorship
thyey can sposnsor facilites such as grounds and stadiums for examppe the ethiaad the emirates spotify camp nou or they can sponsor closthing such as cloths and sports kit like ronadlo with nike football boots and rory mclroy and nike golf clubs
27
what is the golden triangle in sport
this is sponsorship sport and media in one triangle as they all inter link
28
what are the advantages of sponsorship
helps provide money for performers to train and improve free clothing and equipment can be offered up they can fund accomodaition and transport
29
what are the disadvantages of sponserships in sport
sponsorships can be withdrawn therfor leaving teams and clubs with no money they can become controllling/ restrict other income some sponsorships can be un ethical such as betting firms
30
what is sportmanship
ethical appropriate, olite and fair behaviour while participaiting in a game or an athletic avent this is also known as fair play
31
what are some example of good sportmanship
shaking hands before a game/ event being gracious in defeate or a win following and accepting the rules
32
why has there been a decline in good sportmanship
media hyping up rivalries beteen tems or clubs there is a larger emphasis on winning there are increased monaetary rewards for doing well
33
what is deviance
Human behaviour that is against your societys norms and values
34
an example of deviance is what
fighting during a match/ event
35
what ares some reasons for deviance in sport
athletes are wiling to take the risks athletes haveing low morales so they are happy to hurt others athletes wanting to earn money buy winning
36
what is violence
beahviour involving physical forcw intended to hurt somone damage or kill
37
what are reasons for violence in sport
fustraition of loosing media pressure pressure/agravaition from the crowd to gain an advantage/hurt your opponent reaction to a challenge/ comment being annoyed at a bd decison from a official over arousla during a game as a result of drugs frustariation of loosing
38
what are performance enhancing drugs
these are drugs which are banned in competative sports due to their ability to have a positive affect on a performance
39
what are some reason for taking peds
to maintain a sposorship influenced by others to win at all costs lack ahaving moral boundarie s might not be nataurally good enough increase thier success mor media coverage/ publicity they feel underpressure to win
40
what are the main three peds
anabolic steriods beta blockers stimulants
41
what do anabolic steriods do to you
thyey mimic natural hormones in boys which contorl how the body works they can increase muscle groqth increaased bone strenght allows you to train harder and for llonger however it can increase aggresion linear heart damage and chances of getting cancer
42
what do beta blockers do
blocks the release of stress hormones and adrenalin in ceratin areas of the body this can lower heart rate and bllod pressure very relaxing however you can become to feel tierd and sick it can cause heart problems difficulty sleeping or nightmares
43
what do stimulants do
these are drugs that stimulate the body physically and mentally they increase alertaness suppress appetite increase endurance however they can raise blood pressue anxiety they are very addictive and can increase the risk of strokes
44
what type of sportsman would take anabolic steroids
a body builder
45
what type of sportmans would take stimulants
a formula 1 driver
46
what type of sportamns would take betablockers
a darts player
47
what is health
the state of emotional, physical and mental well being
48
what is fitness
the ability to meet the physical demands placedon you by the enviroment
49
what is wellbeing
the state of being comfotabel healthy and happy
50
how can ylu improve your mentalwellbeing in sport
do it with other people doing a claming excerise like yoga or pilates
51
how can you improve your physical wellbeing in sport
by doing regualr excersise and various types ie muscular training and cardio
52
howcayou improve your social wellbeingin sport
playing in a team or doing it with friends
53
what are the positive asspects on your physical wellbing in sport
reducces your chcance or coranary heart disease givees you healthy blood pressure prevents obesity reduced chance of diabetes increase bone density increased fitness improved posture
54
what are the positive asspects on your social well being
can make new friends can make you fell as though you belong to a grup or a team reduces lonliness
55
what are the poistive asspects on your emotional well being
increased sel esteem/ confidence reduces stress improves body image or image of themselfs
56
what is a sedentary lifestyle
this is where somebody does not do the required amount of exercise they shoudl and overeat. This also includes sitting, watching TV, using a computer, reading or playig computer games for most of the day with little or no vigorous excersise
57
what are the concequences of sedentary lifestyle on your emotinal wellbeing
Stress, anxiety and depression– When physically active, your brain releases serotonin, which is a mood-boosting chemical in your brain.
58
what are the concequences of a sedntary lifestyle on your physical well being
it can force you to add on weight and it can lead to heart disese and diabetets
59
what are the concequences of a sedntary lifestyle on your social well being
you can cut yourself off with friends which can lead to lonliness
60
what is a balanced diet
a diet that contains the correct proportions of carbs,fats,protein,vitamins, minerals and water to maintain god health.
61
what are the seven components of a balanced diet
carbs protein fats vitamins minerals fibers water athlets require these componets in different quanititys depending on the sport
62
what are your macro nutrients
they are protein carbohydrates and fats
63
what is the description and function of carbohydrates
carbs provide the energy to excersis. These are two typess of crabohydrates, complex and simple. complex carbohydrates should be favoured as they provide a slow release, long lasting energy. simple carbohydrates provide the boody with imediate energy,both can be stored as fat if not used
64
what are the differnt types of carbs
simple and complex carbs
65
what is the DIFFERECE in the two types of carbs
Complex carbohydrates take longer to digest and are a more stable source of energy than simple carbohydrates.
66
where are complex carbs found
rice bread pasta
67
where are simple carbs found
cake biscuits and fruit
68
what are complex carbs
they are startches
69
what is the proces of digestion of carbs
startches are eaten stored in the liver as glycogen brocken down when neede into glucose then used in respiraition
70
what percentage of carbs do endurance runners need
60%-70%
71
what percentage of carbs do normal people need
50%-60%
72
what is the function of protein
proteiin is an essential nutrient that allows the muscels and body tissues to grow and repair. TRY NOT TO USE IN EXAM= it can be used to provide enrgy when the bodys fat and carbs are depleated
73
where is protein found
meat poultry, fish, eggs , pulses, nuts
74
how many grams per killigram of body weight need to be protein for strenght and power performance
1.3-1.5g
75
what is the functionof fats
fats are important as thy provide with energy and keep us warm. They are used for energy when stores of carbohydrates run low but are released very slowly so are the only suitable for endurance athletes
76
what are the two types of fats
saturated and unsaturated fats
77
what is saturated fat and where can you find it
a saturated fat is a type of fat which is fatty aacid chains which have single chains. A fat known as a glyceride is amde of short glycerol and fatty acids
78
what is unsaturated fat
unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid where there is at leats one double bond witghin the chain
79
where do yoou find fats
butter cheese meat freid food nuts and treats
80
how should a food pie chart be arranged based on your macro nutrients
fat=15% carbs=55% protein=30%
81
what is glycogen loading
Carb loading is simply a nutritional strategy to increase the glycogen stored in your body above its normal amount
82
what is an example of glycogen loading
for 3 days cut carbs just to a diet of fats and protein then light traing with high carbs for 3 days leading to event this significantly increases glycogen stores and helps offset fatigue DAY OF EVENT consume carbs 2-4 hours before exercise consume a small amount in first half an hour of race eat after to replenish stores re hydraition is essential as you loose 1 litre of water per hour
83
what is the function of vitamins
they are vital for keeping the body functioning well and preventing disease well. each of the 13 vitamins has a specific function, for example vitamin a maintains good eye sight and vitamin c helps heal wounds
84
which foods coantain a large amount of vitamins
fruit, vegetables, eggs and milk
85
what is vitamin d good for
its good for blood pressure
86
what is vitamin e good for
vitamin e is a nutrient thats important for vision repreoduction and the health of your blood and brain it also has antioxidant propeties
87
what are minerals and what are their function
minerals such as iron and calcium are viatl in alllowing the body to function correctly. minerals increase the efficency of carrrying oxygen to the muscels and allowing muscels to contract repeatably
88
what are the two types of minerals
macro mineral trace elemets
89
what is a macro mineral
you need larger amounts of this an example is calcium
90
what is a trace element
these are needed in smaller amounts these are like iron
91
what is calcium neede for
it is needed for healthy bones and teeth
92
what is iron needed for
it is important in making red bllod cells which carryu oxygen around the body
93
what is fibre and its function
fibre is required to keep the digestive system working somtghly. it prevents constipaition
94
which food can fibre be found in
bread oats brown rice and vegetables
95
why is fibre important for sports performers
it allows them to take in the necessary nutrients as it not being pood out
96
what is the function of water in the body
crucial to good helath as it carries nutrients around the body and helps remove waste it can also controlmthe body temp should drink 2 liters a day we loose water through sweat and urine body temp rises= heat exhaustion cardio vascular system becomes ineefficent
97
what can dehydraition cause
thirst deacrease skill levle inreased body temp muscel fatigue increased heart rate thick blood slower reaction time ' dizziness and death

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