Health and Safety Flashcards
(35 cards)
1
Q
How do you ensure you are safely working within the office/site?
A
- Dynamic risk assessments: Continuing to to re-evaluate the work and the environment
- Office: adjust chair/monitor height, 20 20 20 rule for eye strain.
- Site: Wear correct PPE, site induction, follow rules/signs.
2
Q
5 PPE areas
A
Head
Eyes
High viz
Hands
Boots
3
Q
What is the health and safety at work Act 1974?
A
- The primary piece of legislation governing H&S in the UK.
- It places a statutory duty on all employers to provide and maintain equipment and systems of works that are safe and without risk to the health and safety of employees.
4
Q
What are the aims of the health and safety at work Act 1974?
A
- Secure the health, safety and welfare of people at work.
- Protect others against risks to health and safety that arise from work activities.
- Control dangerous substances.
- Control of emissions into the atmosphere.
- Employers with 5 or more employees must have written health and safety documents detailing the organisations health and safety structure
5
Q
What are the responsibilities of employers and employees under the health and safety at work act 1974?
A
Employer:
- Ensure, as reasonably practicable, the health, safety, and welfare at work of all of their employees.
- Provide training, provide safe equipment and working environments.
Employee
- Take reasonable care to not put other people (employees and pubic) at risk by what you do and don’t do while conducting while your work.
- Ensure you receive proper training, understand to follow organisations H&S policy
- Co-operate with your employer.
6
Q
What are the risks associated with asbestos?
A
- Tiny air borne fibres which can be inhaled into respiratory system and lodge into the lung tissue which can then cause serious diseases.
- Risk factor is proportional to the amount breathed in - more = worst
- Causes lung cancer, asbestosis, mesothelioma
7
Q
What is the control of asbestos regulations 2012?
A
Legislation that puts responsibility on duty holders, who have maintenance and repair responsibilities, to manage asbestos in non-domestic premises (including communal areas of blocks) and protect anyone inside from the risks that exposure to asbestos can cause.
8
Q
What are the typical places where asbestos can be found?
A
- Asbestos can be found in any property built before the year 2000
- Lagging - on plant and pipework
- Insulation products - pipe, boiler, wall
- Cement roof panels
- AIBs - soffits, fire doors, ceilings
- Aertex to ceilings and walls
9
Q
What is licenced asbestos removal?
A
- Removal of asbestos where exposure is high, it exceeds air limit of 0.1 fibres per cm3 over 4 hour period, or more than 2 consecutive hours in 7 days
- Can only be completed by HSE licensed contractors because risk is high
- You require a license issued by the HSE - removal or demolition
- Must be reported to HSE 14 days prior
- e.g. the removal of AIBs, pipe lagging, loose insulation
- Unlimited fine, or 2 years in prison
10
Q
What is unlicenced asbestos removal?
A
- Tasks involving asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) that can be carried out without a specific license from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
- Lower risk tasks that involve working with ACMs in good condition or with minimal disturbance.
- Risk assessment should be carried out and appropriate controls in place to work safely
- Cleaning up small quantities of loose ACM dust, or drilling holes into textured coating for installation of furniture/fixings
11
Q
What are the three main asbestos types
A
- Chrysotile (white asbestos)
- Amosite (brown asbestos)
- Crocidolite (blue asbestos)
12
Q
How to safely remove asbestos?
A
- If high risk and high intensity of exposure - then this is done under licensed asbestos removal by trained professionals who have licensing from HSE
- If low risk, and not licensed, then this can be completed by homeowner or occupant.
13
Q
Please explain the asbestos survey types?
A
- Management survey: completed to identify ACM during the normal occupation and continued use of property. Takes note of location/condition of ACM, with limited sampling and intrusive investigation.
- R&D survey: Completed when property/part is undergoing refurbishment or demolition. Identify all ACMs before any works begin. Destructive inspection, and asbestos disturbance (in voids/cavities).
14
Q
What is CITB health, safety, and environmental test?
A
- Stands for the construction industry training board
- Know as construction skills certification scheme (CSCS)
- Covers the health and safety issues to consider while attending construction sites - and covers the CDMs 2015 regs
15
Q
What is the construction, design, and management regulations 2015?
A
- CDM regs apply to all construction works - no matter the size or cost.
- Intended to ensure that health and safety is properly considered and managed during a construction project so that the risk of harm to those that have to build, use, and maintain a structure is reduced.
16
Q
What are the key implications of construction, design, and management regulations 2015?
A
- More focus on client to put in place arrangements to ensure health and safety
- Clients can no longer assign their legal responsibilities to agents
- Must be declaration of how long contractors will be given to plan and prepare construction work
- Clients must assume role of principal contractor for any period where appointments have not been made
17
Q
Who are the relevant stakeholders under CDM Regulations 2015?
A
Client, Principal designer/contractor
18
Q
What are the duties of the client under CDM?
A
- Appoint duty holders
- Ensure duty holders are carrying out their duties
- Ensure construction work is carried out safely
- Ensure welfare facilities are provided
- Ensure sufficient time and resources are allocated
- Ensure (if applicable) the project is notified to the HSE
19
Q
What are the duties of the principal designer under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor, and co-ordinate health and safety during the pre construction phase
- Identify, eliminate, or control foreseeable risks
- Prepare and provide relevant information to other duty holders, as well as liaise PC with H&S during construction phase
- Responsible for health and safety file
20
Q
What are the duties of the principal contractor under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor, and co-ordinate health and safety during the construction phase.
- Ensure inductions are completed by new arrivals on site
- Engage with workers about their health, safety, and welfare.
- Prevent unauthorised access onto site
- Prepare construction phase plan
- Liaise with other duty holders
21
Q
When work notifiable, and how is HSE notified of work?
A
- More than 30 working days, involve more than 20 workers working simultaneously, or exceed 500 person-days of work
- Or 500 person days total.
- Using online F10 form - (description of project, planned start/completion, number of workers, details of stakeholders)
22
Q
What is pre-construction information and construction phase plan?
A
- Pre-construction information: H&S info that the client has or can obtain, necessary for work to be carried out safely - ground conditions, service locations
- Construction phase plan: records how H&S will be managed for the construction phase of the project - site welfare, rules, inductions, emergency procedures
23
Q
What does RIDDOR stand for/what is it?
A
- Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013
- Requires the ‘responsible person’ to notify any death, reportable injury, disease or dangerous occurrence to the HSE.
- The responsible person is the employer or, for the self-employed, the contractor or principal contractor.
24
Q
What incidents are reportable under RIDDOR?
A
- Death and major injuries such as loss of consciousness or loss of a limb.
- Occupational diseases.
- Dangerous occurrences for example explosions, hazardous substances, structural collapse or collision etc.
- Gas incidents
25
What is the importance of conducting risk assessments in the workplace?
Conducting risk assessments in the workplace is essential as it helps identify potential hazards and evaluate the level of risk associated with them. This process allows employers to implement control measures
26
How do dynamic risk assessments differ from standard risk assessments, and why are they important on construction sites?
- Dynamic Risk Assessments: Conducted in real-time, adaptable to changing conditions.
- Standard Risk Assessments: Pre-planned, structured process.
- Importance on Construction Sites: Allows for immediate hazard identification and response in unpredictable environments.
27
What are the key steps involved in conducting a risk assessment?
- Identify hazards.
- Determine who may be affected.
- Evaluate the risks.
- Implement control measures.
- Monitor and review.
28
How do you prioritise risks once they have been identified?
- Use a risk register to analyse risks.
- Measure the probability of risks occurring.
- Assess the impact.
- Select a strategy.
- Prioritise based on severity and likelihood.
29
Can you explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative risk assessments?
- Qualitative Risk Assessments: Subjective, uses descriptive terms (e.g., high, low) to assess risk.
- Quantitative Risk Assessments: Objective, uses numerical data to calculate risk impact.
30
How often should risk assessments be reviewed and updated?
- Annually.
- When there are changes in legislation.
- After significant changes in tasks or processes.
- Following accidents or near misses.
31
What are the key responsibilities of employers under regulation 10 of the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012?
- Provide adequate information, instruction, and training to employees.
- Ensure employees are aware of asbestos, risks and safe work practices.
32
How should employers ensure that employees receive adequate information, instruction, and training about asbestos?
- Regular training sessions.
- Use training needs analysis to identify required topics.
- Provide refresher training annually or when significant changes occur.
33
What are the consequences of non-compliance with the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012?
- Heavy fines.
- Imprisonment.
- Disqualification from director roles.
- Negative publicity.
34
What is the Monte Carlo method, and how is it used in risk assessment?
- A mathematical technique using repeated random sampling to simulate various scenarios.
- Helps estimate the impact of risks and uncertainties.
- Used in project management to predict cost and schedule overruns.
35
What is the RICS surveying safely guidance?
To help RICS members and regulated firms identify and manage risks to ensure safe working practices in all surveying environments.
Covers:
- risk assessments
- planning
- lone working
- communication
- incident reporting
