Health and Wellness (Chapter 16)

Question 1

The job of the nurse is to promote health and wellness by helping them maintain the highest level of what two things?

Answer 1

Physiological functioning and mental well-being

Question 2

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Answer 2

Health

Question 3

Describes the relationships between the basic requirements for survival and the desires that drive personal growth and development. Lowest level is related to physiological needs and uppermost level is associated with self-actualization needs.

Answer 3

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Question 4

Considered the highest level of optimal functioning and involves the integration of cognitive ability, compassion, acceptance of self, and autonomy.

Answer 4

Self-actualization

Question 5

This approach to healthcare focuses on strengths of individuals rather than weaknesses or illness.

Answer 5

Humanistic approach

Question 6

This model explores how patients’ attitudes and beliefs predict health behavior. Motivation to change.

Answer 6

Health Belief Model (HBM)

Question 7

What are three primary components of the Health Belief Model?

Answer 7

1. Individual’s perception of susceptibility to illness
2. Individual’s perception of seriousness of illness
3. Probability that an individual will act to prevent avoidable health risks

Question 8

Lifestyle change and information gathering about a health topic that leads to a change in behavior.

Answer 8

Preventive action

Question 9

Model that defines health as positive, dynamic state of well-being rather than the absence of disease in the physiological state. Premise based on interaction that exists between an individual and their environment.

Answer 9

Health Promotion Model (HPM)

Question 10

Intentional behaviors aimed at circumventing illness, detecting it early, and maintaining the best possible level of mental and physiologic function within the boundaries of illness.

Answer 10

Health protection

Question 11

Models that are based on the philosophy that a synergistic relationship exists between the body and the environment. Incorporates features of spirituality, emotional security, and environment into natural.

Answer 11

Holistic Health Models

Question 12

The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.

Answer 12

Health promotion defined by World Health Organization

Question 13

What are activities involved in health promotion?ENVHBSS

Answer 13

1. routine exercise
2. meeting nutritional requirements
3. meeting vitamin requirements
4. maintaining an appropriate hip-waist ratio
5. maintaining BMI within range
6. good sleep habits
7. stress reduction

Question 14

Process of self-care achieved by making choices leading to a healthy life.

Answer 14

Wellness

Question 15

Step-by-step improvement of individual health factors. Lower the likelihood of developing disease.

Answer 15

Risk factor reduction

Question 16

A science-driven national agenda used to guide health care professionals to support healthy communities by way of evidence-based public health strategies and increasing public awareness about the different determinants of health.

Answer 16

Healthy people 2030

Question 17

BMI below 18.5 is considered what?

Answer 17

Underweight

Question 18

BMI between 18.5-24.9 is considered what?

Answer 18

Normal or healthy weight

Question 19

BMI between 25.0-29.9 is considered what?

Answer 19

Overweight

Question 20

BMI between 30.0 and above is considered what?

Answer 20

Obese

Question 21

What is the formula to calculate BMI?

Answer 21

weight/height(squared) x 703

Question 22

What are the 7 optimal health dimensions? POESSIE

Answer 22

Physical, Occupational, Emotional, Social, Spiritual, Intellectual, Environmental

Question 23

Prevention that is instituted before disease becomes established by removing the causes or increasing resistance. Goal is to modify risk factors to avoid onset of disease.

Answer 23

Primary prevention

Question 24

LIfestyle changes, nutrition improvement, and environmental alterations are involved in which type of prevention?

Answer 24

Primary prevention

Question 25

This type of prevention is undertaken in cases of latent hidden disease. Although pt may be asymptomatic, medical tests can detect a disease process.

Answer 25

Secondary prevention

Question 26

These screening tests are used during which type of prevention: purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test for tuberculosis, fecal occult blood test for colorectal cancer, and mammograms for breast cancer.

Answer 26

Secondary Prevention

Question 26

This prevention is also known as the treatment or rehabilitation stage of preventative care, implemented when a condition or illness is permanent and irreversible.

Answer 26

Tertiary prevention

Question 27

An abnormal process in which aspects of the social, physical, emotional, or intellectual condition and function of a person are diminished or impaired.

Answer 27

Illness

Question 28

An abrupt onset and short duration of an illness that usually last <6 months.

Answer 28

Acute illness

Question 29

A loss or abnormality of body function that lasts longer than 6 months and requires ongoing, long-term care.

Answer 29

Chronic illness

Question 30

This model best describes illness behavior and how individuals arrive at the coping mechanisms necessary for the management of disease conditions. Has 5 stages.

Answer 30

Stages of illness model

Question 31

Stages of illness model: a clinical manifestation of disease is experienced and the person acknowledges that something is wrong and seeks a cure. Person accepts reality of symptoms and decides to take action.

Answer 31

Stage I- symptom experience

Question 32

Stages of illness model: the person decides that the illness is genuine and that care is necessary. Results include acceptance of sick role or rejection of its necessity.

Answer 32

Stage II- Assumption of the sick role

Question 33

Stages of illness model: professional advice from healthcare professionals is sought by the individual. Condition may also still be denied during this stage or they may accept the condition.

Answer 33

Stage III- Medical care contact

Question 34

Stage of illness model: patient abandons the sick role and resumes usual tasks and roles to the greatest degree possible.

Answer 34

Stage V- Perceived recovery

Question 35

Stage of illness model: patients often feel dependent on others and may experience ambivalent or fearful thoughts that cause them to reject treatment, advice from providers, and the illness.

Answer 35

Stage IV- dependent patient role

Question 36

Stage of illness model: the patient abandons the sick role and resumes usual tasks and roles to the greatest degree possible.

Answer 36

Stage V: Perceived recovery

Question 37

Factors influencing health are known as _________.

Answer 37

Social determinants of health.

Question 38

The chronological _______ of an individual is strong indicator of susceptibility to disease or disabling conditions.

Answer 38

Age

Question 39

The risk for disease expression based on genotype is involuntarily passed from biologic parents to their offspring.

Answer 39

Genetic vulnerability

Question 40

An ongoing state-based random-digit-dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population older than 18 years old. Collects data on health risk behaviors and preventative health services related to leading causes of death.

Answer 40

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance system (BRFSS)

Question 41

The way individuals perceive unchanging aspects of themselves, such as social character, cognitive abilities, physical appearance, and body image.

Answer 41

Self concept

Question 42

Depends on the person’s ability to reason and learn from life experiences in predictable stages at age-appropriate intervals.

Answer 42

Developmental level