Health Chapter 10

Question 1

Nutrition

Answer 1

the process by which your body takes in and uses food

Question 2

Nutrients

Answer 2

substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

Question 3

What is the energy your body receives measured in?

Answer 3

Calories

Question 4

Calorie

Answer 4

A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food

Question 5

Hunger

Answer 5

the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body need for food

Question 6

Appetite

Answer 6

the psychological desire for food

Question 7

What are the 4 environmental things influence what you choose to eat?

Answer 7

Family and culture, Friends, Time and money, and advertising

Question 8

What are the 5 ways your body uses nutrients?

Answer 8

An energy source
To heal, build and repair tissue
To sustain growth
To help transport oxygen to cells
To regulate body functions

Question 9

What are the six types of nutrients?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats provide energy
Vitamins, minerals and water

Question 10

1 gram of carbs or proteins =

1 gram of fat =

Answer 10

= 4 calories

= 9 calories

Question 11

Carbohydrates

Answer 11

Starches and sugars found in foods which provide your body main source of energy

Question 12

Simple Carbs

Answer 12

Sugars such as fructose (found in fruits) and lactose (found in milk)

Question 13

Complex Carbs

Answer 13

Starches, long chains of sugars linked together. Includes grains and beans

Question 14

Fiber

Answer 14

A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest

Question 15

How does the body use Carbohydrates?

Answer 15

By breaking them down into their simplest forms simple sugar called glucose

Question 16

What can glucose do?

Answer 16

Be stored in your body’s tissue and used later during periods of intense activity.

Question 17

Proteins

Answer 17

nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tisses.

Question 18

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 18

Chemicals called amino acids

Question 19

Your body and amino acids

Answer 19

Your body uses about 20 amino acids. Our body makes 11 (nonessential amino acids) and we have to get the 9 (essential amino acids) from food.

Question 20

What do Proteins do?

Answer 20

They are the building material of all your body cells. Proteins help your body grow and can be used as an energy source

Question 21

What type of protein helps carry oxygen to your blood cells

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

Question 22

Essential fatty acids

Answer 22

Fatty acids the the body needs but cannot produce on its own

Question 23

Unsaturated fats

Answer 23

Vegetable oils, nuts and seeds

Question 24

Saturated Fats

Answer 24

Animal-based foods, meat, and dairy

Question 25

Trans fat

Answer 25

Packaged Foods

Question 26

What do Fats provide

Answer 26

A concentrated form of energy

Question 27

What is one mineral that is especially important to your health?

Answer 27

Calcium; it promotes bone health

Question 28

Osteoporosis

Answer 28

A condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily

Question 29

Where do minerals come from?

Answer 29

Food

Question 30

What are the 4 main minerals our bodies need?

Answer 30

Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, and Iron

Question 31

What are the 5 major food groups?

Answer 31

Grains, Vegetables, Fruits, milk, Proteins (meat and beans)

Question 32

My pyramid

Answer 32

an interactive guide to healthful eating and active living

Question 33

Nutrient-dense Foods

Answer 33

These foods have a high ration of nutrients to calories

Question 34

What do food labels list?

Answer 34

The name of the food product, the amount of food in the package, the name and address of the company that makes the product, the ingredients in the food, and the nutrition facts panel

Question 35

Food Additives

Answer 35

substances added to a food to produce a desired effect

Question 36

What is a sugar substitute?

Answer 36

Aspartame

Question 37

What is a fat substitute?

Answer 37

Olestra

Question 38

Sell by Dates

Answer 38

The last day a store should sell a product

Question 39

Use by/Expiration dates

Answer 39

The last day a products quality can be guaranteed

Question 40

Freshness dates

Answer 40

The last day a product is considered fresh

Question 41

Pack dates

Answer 41

The day on which a food was packaged

Question 42

Foodborne illness

Answer 42

food poisoning

Question 43

Pasteurization

Answer 43

treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens

Question 44

What are the four steps to keeping food safe?

Answer 44

Clean, Separate, Cook, Chill

Question 45

Food allergy

Answer 45

A condition in which the body's immune system reacts to substances in some foods

Question 46

Food tolerance

Answer 46

a negative reaction to food that doesn't involve the immune system

Question 47

Cholesterol

Answer 47

a waxy, fatlike substance

Question 48

Vitamins

Answer 48

compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes

Question 49

Which Vitamins are Water soluble

Answer 49

Vitamin C, Folic acid, and the B vitamins

Question 50

Which vitamins are fat soluble?

Answer 50

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Question 51

Minerals

Answer 51

Elements found in food that are used by the body