Health Compromising Behaviour Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are some health promoting behaviours? (7)
- Exercise
- Accident prevention (speed limits and seat belts)
- Vaccinations and screening
- Sun safety practices
- Developing a healthy diet
- Sleep
- Rest and renewal (hobbies, socializing, nature)
What are some health compromising behaviours? (3)
Alcoholism
Drinking and driving
Smoking
Define health compromising behaviours?
undermining or harming one’s current or future health through behaviours that are:
- habitual
- addictive
- difficult to overcome
What are aspects of substance dependence? (5)
- physical dependence (functioning)
- tolerance
- craving
- addiction
- withdrawal
What is alcohol consumption linked to? (6)
- high BP
- stroke
- cirrhosis of liver
- fetal alcohol syndrome
- cancer
- car accidents
What are symptoms of alcoholism? (6)
- withdrawal symptoms when abstaining
- high tolerance
- inability to control drinking
- binge drinking
- loss of memory
- drinking non-beverage alcohol such as cough syrup
Distinguish between problem drinking and alcoholism
Problem drinkers - may not have the symptoms of alcoholism but have substantial social, medical or psychological problems
How are alcoholism and depression related? (2)
Alcoholism may represent untreated symptoms of depression
Depression may act as an impetus for drinking to improve mood
What are 3 phases of treatment programs for alcoholics?
Phase 1 - Detoxification
Phase 2 - Short-term intensive inpatient therapy
Phase 3 - continuing out-patient treatment
What are 8 types of cognitive behavioural treatments?
self-monitoring
contingency contracting
motivational enhancement
medications
stress management skill
drink refusal skills
family therapy
group-counselling
What are the goals of CBT to treat alcoholism?
- decrease reinforcing properties of alcohol
- teaching new behaviours inconsistent with alcohol abuse
- modifying the environment
- learning coping techniques
What are the relapse rates?
50% relapse 2-4 years after treatment
50% relapse within the first 3 months
What is important for problem drinkers to know about relapse? (2)
- an occasional relapse is normal
- relapse doesn’t signify failure
What is Alcoholics Anonymous Philosophy? (2)
an alcoholic is an alcoholic for life
alcoholism is a disease that can be managed but never cured
What are the benefits of modest alcohol consumption? (4)
- may contribute to a longer life
- may reduce coronary artery disease
- increases HDL (good cholesterol)
-fewer strokes
What is the greatest cause of preventable death?
smoking
What is smoking related to? (7)
lung cancer
breast cancer
chronic bronchitis
respiratory disorders
lower birth weight
erectile dysfunction
stunted fetal development
How can second-hand smoke by parents affect their children?
lower cognitive performance by reducing blood-oxygen capacity and increasing CO levels
What are the synergistic effects of smoking? (3)
- nicotine increases men’s reactivity to stress
- potential cause of depression
- increase in anxiety in adolescents
What factors make adolescents more likely to start smoking? (4)
- parents are smokers
- lower class
- social pressure
- major family stressor
How does a smoking addiction work? (3)
- smoking to maintain blood levels of nicotine to prevent withdrawal symptoms
- nicotine increases memory and reduces anxiety & stress
- smoking is paired with rewarding experiences
What are the interventions applied to reduce smoking? (5)
- media campaigns
- nicotine-replacement therapy
- therapeutic approach
- social support & stress management
- maintenance and relapse prevention
