Health, Fitness And Wellbeing

Question 1

What’s health ?

Answer 1

State of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing. Not merely the absence of disease

Question 2

3 categories of health

Answer 2

Physical
Social
Mental

Question 3

What’s physical health ?

Answer 3

Body systems working well, free from illness and injury

Question 4

What’s mental health?

Answer 4

State of wellbeing in which an individual realises their potential and value . Can cope with normal stress of life

Question 5

What’s social health ?

Answer 5

Basic human needs met. Friendship and support and value in society
Little stress in social situations

Question 6

Physical health benefits …

Answer 6

-Improved heart function / health
-reduced risk of illness
-reduced risk of obesity

Question 7

Mental health benefits …

Answer 7

-Reduce stress/ tension /depression
-helps someone control their emotions
-increased confidence

Question 8

Social health benefits …

Answer 8

-Opportunity to make friends
-more confident in social situations
-develops teamwork

Question 9

What’s fitness ….
Example …

Answer 9

-Ability to cope with the demands of your environment
Eg-someone with broken leg can go school but not play football

Question 10

Improvements in fitness will….

Answer 10

-reduce chances of getting injured
-make you happier (mental benefit)
-make it easier to complete physical work

Question 11

What’s a sedentary lifestyle ?

Answer 11

A lifestyle with little or no physical activity

Question 12

Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle ?

Answer 12

-Poor sleep patterns
-Increased risk of diabetes
-increased risk of heart disease
-lower self esteem /confidence
-increased weight / risk of obesity

Question 13

Impacts of obesity on
-fitness
-physical health
-mental health
Social health

Answer 13

Fitness- decreases cardiovascular endurance, reduced speed / power

Physical - increased risk of heart attacks m higher blood pressure

Mental health - lower self esteem, anxiety / stress

Social health - less likely to socialise, uncomfortable in social situations

Question 14

What’s a somatotype ?
What factors does it consider?

Answer 14

Method of classifying body shapes / types
-fat %
-muscle %
-Height

Question 15

Three extremes of somatotypes and what they are ..

Answer 15

Endomorph - fat
Mesomorph- muscular
Ectomorph - skinny

Question 16

Endomorph characteristics …

Answer 16

-pear shaped body

-narrow shoulders

-wide hips

-high body fat %

-low centre of gravity

Question 17

Strengths of endomorphs and sports they’re good at…

Answer 17

-excellent in sports that require power and strength

-low centre of gravity means they’re difficult to move

-prop forward in rugby , shot putter

Question 18

Weaknesses of endomorphs …

Answer 18

Struggle in endurance events that require cardiovascular endurance as they carry excess fat

Question 19

Characteristics of a mesomorph …

Answer 19

-High % of muscle and low fat %

-broad shoulders

-narrow hips

Question 20

Strengths of mesomorphs …
Sports that benefit from a mesomorph physique ..

Answer 20

-High muscle % and low fat % means they’re suited to lots of sports

-excellent in sports that require speed, power and strength

-sprinters,weightlifters ,gymnasts

Question 21

Weaknesses of a mesomorph….

Answer 21

Struggle in endurance events due increased muscle mass

Question 22

Ectomorph characteristics …

Answer 22

-Tall and thin
-Low% of muscle and fat
-narrow hips and shoulders
-low centre of gravity

Question 23

Strengths of the Ectomorph physique …
Sports that would benefit ..

Answer 23

-good cardiovascular endurance due to long stride lengths

-good at high jump due to high centre of gravity and no excess weight to lift

-distance running , marathons

Question 24

Weaknesses of Ectomorphs…

Answer 24

-struggle in power / strength events due to low muscle %

Question 25

What are calories ( energy from food ) used for?

Answer 25

Movement , Growth and repair

Question 26

Average calories for men …. Women..

Answer 26

Men - 2500 Women-2000

Question 27

4 factors effecting the number of calories someone will need … and explained

Answer 27

1) age : people under 25 need more as bodies are growing 2) height : taller people burn more as they have larger skeletons 3) gender : males need more as they have higher skeletons and a higher muscle mass 4) energy expenditure : how active you are

Question 28

What’s a balanced diet ?

Answer 28

A diet that contains the correct amount of calories for the individual , and correct amount of nutrients, fibres,minerals ,vitamins and water

Question 29

7 components in a balanced diet

Answer 29

Water Fibre Fat Protein Vitamins Minerals Carbs

Question 30

What’s the function of carbs ? What %of our diet should it make up ?

Answer 30

-provide body with energy ( glucose) -55-60%

Question 31

2 sources of carbs , what they do, foods that have them

Answer 31

Simple carbs - provide energy quick ( easily broken down) Eg - fruit, sugar ,yogurt Complex carbs - slow release energy ( hard to break down ) Eg- bread, pasta, vegetables

Question 32

Function of protein , sources and what % of our diet does it make up .

Answer 32

Function - growth and repair of muscles Source - meat , eggs beans 15-20% of our diet

Question 33

Function of fats , source and % of our diet ..

Answer 33

Function - provide energy for low intensities Source - saturated fats ( linked to obesity ) ( sausages, fried food) Unsaturated fats ( oily fish )

Question 34

Function of water… How much do males and females need

Answer 34

Function - maintain hydration levels , regulate body temp , improved focus / reaction time Makes 2,5 liitres Female -2 litres

Question 35

Factors that determine how much water we need

Answer 35

1) temp - hotter conditions require more water 2) activity levels - more water lost through sweat 3) environment - need more water in a hot country

Question 36

What’s dehydration?

Answer 36

Excessive loss of water , interrupting normal functioning of the body

Question 37

5 signs of dehydration ?

Answer 37

-rapid breathing and heartbeat -dry mouth and skin -fever and chills -muscle cramps -dizziness and headaches

Question 38

5 effects of dehydration?

Answer 38

1) blood thickening - blood becomes more viscous and can’t flow easily 2) heart rate increases - heart works harder to pump thick blood around body 3) increased body temp- no water to cool body so will overheat 4) slow per reaction times - poor decision making 5) muscle cramps nausea and headaches