Health Promotion Flashcards
(25 cards)
Define Equity
People get what they need as opposed to everyone just getting the exact same thing
What is the difference between AGENTIC and STRUCTURAL health promotion?
AGENTIC is targetted at individuals. It requires voluntary compliance, but doesnt address the social factors. STRUCTURAL involves changes to a broader social context, for example screening programs to integrate change
What are the 5 principles of health promotion?
- Focus on WHOLE population
- Directed towards social determinants of health
- Combines diverse strategies
- Requires public participation
- Interdisciplinary involvement
What shift occurred as a result of the LaLonde report?
shift from biomedical disease to a health promotion focus
What was the significance of the Alma Alta?
- focussed on the socio-environmental conditions as a DOH
- 5 principles of primary health care were developed
What was the focus of the Ottawa Charter?
First time EQUITY became a focus in healthcare.
-Developed “pre-requisites for health”
According to the Ottawa Charter, what are the 3 necessary processes for health promotion practice?
- Advocate (work with, not for)
- Enable (build capacity in the community)
- Mediate (act as liason between different professionals)
The Ottawa Charter laid out 5 health promotion strategies. What are they?
- Build healthy public policy (no smoking in cars)
- Create supportive environments (Garrison as one stop shop)
- Strengthen Community action (participACTION)
- Develop personal skills
- Reorient health services (afterhours options)
What was the first initiative to involve the private sector?
1997 Jakarta Declaration
The Jakarta Declaration claimed that ___________ is the greatest threat to health…
POVERTY
The 2005 Bangkok Charter was the first health promotion charter since 1986. What was its focus?
Human rights and EQUAL opportunity rather than EQUITY in health
Compare and contrast the upstream aproach to the downstream approach
UP: focusses on population health by seeking to address economic, social, historical, political and environmental factors that contribute to poor health
DOWN: focusses on individual health by responding to healthcare issues that present. Results in short-term, episodic interventions
What is the difference between health promotion and population health?
MAKE CHART
PROMOTION:
- bottom-up approach
- qualitative
- addresses inequalities for individuals, families and communities
- individual is empowered to have an active role in their own health
POPULATION:
- top down approach
- quantitative and statistical methods
- little emphasis on the individual
- focusses on population data
Give an example of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary prevention
PRIMARY: basic sanitation for everyone, but also specific protection with chlorine in the water or folic acid supplements
SECONDARY: early diagnosis and treatment (PAP smear)
TERTIARY: prevention of complications and recurrance (Diabetes clinics to help with managment)
What is the difference between health promotion and health protection?
Health promotion: approach motivated, not disease or injury specific, seeks to expand positive potential for health
Health Protection: avoidance motivated, disease and injury specific, seeks to fend off the occurance of insults to health and well-being
What are the benefits of adopting a population health approach?
- healthier population makes more productive contributions to overall societal development
- requires less support in the form of health care and social benefits
- better able to support and sustain itself over the long term
What are the 4 stages of readiness to change?
pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action
What is the nurses role in health promotion?
- assess underlying issues including DOH
- consider a range of strategies that can be proposed
- lobby the government
What is motivational interviewing?
a collaborative conversation style for strengthening a persons own motivation and commitment to change
What 4 things contribute to the spirit of motivational interviewing?
- Partnership
- Acceptance
- Compassion
- Evocation
What are the 4 key elements of motivational interviewing?
- Focussing
- Engaging
- Evoking
- Planning
What does OARS stand for?
refers to important communication skills Open questions
Affirming
Reflecting
Summarizing
What are the 5 health promotion strategies?
- Community development
- Health Advocacy
- Health Education
- Policy Development
- Social Marketing
What are the 3 key elements of health advocacy?
- Facilitating empowerment
- Educating decision-makers
- Lobbying for health public policies
