Health Promotion

Question 1

What are the life stages that health promotion works with

Answer 1

early years
young people
adults in later life
adults in work

Question 2

What are the settings for health promotion

Answer 2

schools
workplace
community
primary care
hospitals
prisons

Question 3

What is the first stage of health promotion

Answer 3

planning

Question 4

What is the framework for planning

Answer 4

1. identify needs and priorities
2. set aims and objectives
3. decide best ways to achieve the aims
4. identify resources
5. plan evaluation methods
6. set an action plan
7. ACTION - implement your plan including your evaluation

Question 5

What is the background information required when planning

Answer 5

epidemiology
what is currently available
what group would benefit from
information from literature searches

Question 6

What is the difference between the aims and objectives

Answer 6

aims = broad goals
objectives = specific and define what participants achieve at the end of the intervention

Question 7

What are the diff types of objectives

Answer 7

educational
knowledge
affective
behaviors

Question 8

What are knowledge objectives

Answer 8

increase in level of knowledge

Question 9

What are affective objectives

Answer 9

changes in attitudes and beliefs

Question 10

What are behavior objectives

Answer 10

acquisition of new skills and competencies

Question 11

What is the acronym used in the guide to setting useful objectives (stage 2)

Answer 11

SMART

Question 12

What does SMART stand for

Answer 12

specific - precise 
measurable - easily assessed
appropriate - needs of individual/group 
realistic - achievable yet challenging 
time related - timescale to assess changes

Question 13

What are different options in stage 3 - identify appropriate methods for achieving objectives

Answer 13

community development
mass media
professional development
social media

Question 14

What happens in stage 4

Answer 14

have to identify recourses

decide on funding - where is it coming from

Question 15

Why is stage 5 (evaluation) so important)

Answer 15

integral aspect of all planned health promotion activity

Question 16

What is considered in stage 5 - evaluation

Answer 16

process
impact
outcome

Question 17

What should be done in setting and action plan (stage 6)

Answer 17

identify tasks, person responsible for task
recourses to be used
timescale/timeline
means of evaluation

Question 18

What does evaluation needed for

Answer 18

to assess results, determine whether objectives have been met, and find out if methods used were appropriate and efficient
set aside 10% of budget for it

Question 19

What are the 3Es in evaluation

Answer 19

efficiency
effectiveness
economy

Question 20

What do you look at in efficiency in evaluation

Answer 20

assess what has been achieved

did an intervention have its intended effect

Question 21

What do you look at in effectiveness in evaluation

Answer 21

measure its impact and whether it was worthwhile

Question 22

What do you look at in economy in evaluation

Answer 22

was it cost effective

was time money and labour well spent

Question 23

What is the importance of evaluation

Answer 23

inform future plans

justify decisions to others

Question 24

What does process evaluation aim to be

Answer 24

practical

Question 25

What does process evaluation address

Answer 25

process of program implementation/dissemination

Question 26

What does process evaluation do

Answer 26

looks at participants perceptions/reactions soft data often collected, interviews, observations etc tells us about the particular program and factors responsible for success or failure

Question 27

What does impact evaluation refer to

Answer 27

immediate effects, often done at end of program

Question 28

What does impact evaluation use

Answer 28

questionnaires to determine change in behavior/increase in knowledge hard data is collected often easier to do

Question 29

What does outcome evaluation do

Answer 29

involves the assessment of longer term effects looks at changes in behavior a year later PREFERRED method but more difficult

Question 30

What is the disadvantages of outcome evaluation

Answer 30

more difficult to do | more costly

Question 31

What are research methods used in evaluation

Answer 31

``` semi structured interviews observations focus groups self response surveys interview based surveys telephone interviews use of both qualitative and quantitative useful ```

Question 32

What is mass media defined as

Answer 32

as any printed or audio-visual material designed to reach a mass audience. this includes newspapers, magazines, radio, television, billboards, exhibition displays, posters and leaflets

Question 33

What are the advantages of mass media

Answer 33

can raise consciousness, place health on the public agenda convey simple information more effective if it is part of an integrated campaign including elements such as one-to-one advice information is ‘new’ and is seen to be relevant for the viewer

Question 34

What can mass media not do

Answer 34

convey complex information teach skills shift people’s attitudes, beliefs Message will be ignored if challenges basic beliefs change behaviour in the absence of other enabling factors.

Question 35

What is child smile

Answer 35

A national programme designed to improve the oral health of children in Scotland and reduce inequalities both in dental health and access to dental services

Question 36

What are the main components of child smile

Answer 36

Childsmile Core Childsmile Nursery & School Childsmile Practice

Question 37

What is child smile core

Answer 37

Every child receives toothbrushes and toothpaste for home use to the age of 5 supervised toothbrushing in nurseries and in deprived schools (p1 and 2)

Question 38

What is child smile nursery and school

Answer 38

20% most deprived nursery and P1-P4 populations are targeted for fluoride varnish application Fluoride varnish applied 6 monthly by dental nurses in education setting Follow-up of children who are not regular attenders

Question 39

What do primary care dentists get paid for in child smile

Answer 39

toothbrushing demo dietary advise fluoride varnish

Question 40

Who do you apply fluoride varnish to

Answer 40

children > 2 years | apply 2 times a year

Question 41

What do you look at in the holiday logic model in evaluation

Answer 41

``` Input, activities outputs short term outcomes long term outcomes ```

Question 42

What are the 5 key areas for action in health promotion

Answer 42

``` building healthy public policy creating supportive environments strengthening community action developing personal skills reorienting health services ```