HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards
(47 cards)
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
top to bottom
- self-actualisation
- esteem
- love/belonging
- safety
- physiological
approaches within health psychology
are like the many layers in an onion
inner layer to outer layer
- biomedicine
- individual lifestyle factors
- social and community influences
- living and working conditions
- socio-economic and environmental conditions
a frame work for health psychology
- holistic
- all health determinants
- individuals is at the core
- each layer in context
- interdisciplinary flavour
- no ranking
- acknowledges complexity
fixing BMI
non of the recommended diet tips like stop when you are full, never works as people don’t follow them
what is stress
stress is the imbalance of of the demand of a situation and what capabilities you have to cope with it
it is a stimulus that you have to respond to
stress: person-situation interaction 3 components
situational component
internal process
negative effects
person-situation interaction - situational component
this is when you are trying to figure out the situations, its demands.
these are life that happen to you and they can be ranked on a scale of 1-50 depending on the situation
person-situation interaction - cognitive appraisal and its negative effect
this is when you worry, racing thoughts etc
effects
- do i have the resources
- what are the consequences of this
- what does this mean to me
person-situation interaction - physiological responses and its negative effects
this is things like muscle tension, increased HR
either two bodily processes undergo, either SAM (fast) or HPA (slow)
person-situation interaction - coping stratergies
these are
problem focused: think you can solve the problem, making a new plan, find some benefit of the situation
avoidance: being active, think about other things, pretending it doesn’t exist, humor, drug use
emotion focused: expression, other/self blame, stop thinking about it
social support:
- appraisal = talk to someone
- belonging - being in a group/with friends
- tangible - people help you out
the more you are shown to stress …
the more likely you are to experience post-depression
arteries disease and stress
by following ones life, the more stress they experience the more arteries disease are likely
infants with one or more negative life events/year …
are more likely to experience respiratory infections
stigma defintion
when an individual possess a attribute or characteristic that conveys a social identity (stereotype) to a particular context
for example - when you have a mental illness, people come up with their own stereotypes (stigmas) about you and your medical condition.
mental illness stigma (sword)
the individual has to deal with the challenges of the mental illness its self but them also the stigma that people have of them too
this sword is the hardest part to overcome
mental illness stigma to prejudice (discrimination)
it start with people either having a mental illness or not
then those they don’t attach negative stereotypes to those who do
so then the two groups seperate
this then causes discrimination (those ill = out-group)
where do we mainly get our sources of stigmas from
News and movies
lecturers Movie Study on prejudice/stigmas from movies
they randomly created two groups and they unknowingly either went to movie 1 (joker) or movie two
before and after the show the participants filled out a prejudice form asking about those with mental illness and fear, malevolence, authoritarianism and unpredictability
those that watch movie 1 increased their fear and authoritarianism towards those with mental illness than movie two. (the rest were equal).
this is because movie 1 showed more negatively about mental illnesses
3 ways to combat stigma
contact - this is the most effective. the public being around those with mental illnesses
educations - less effective. being taught about mental illnesses to remove misinformations
protests - is a formal objection to negative represntation
like minds, like mine study
was used to challenge peoples perceptions of those with mental illnesses
over a decade they showed 5 different ads for the public to see
before during and after the 10 years they had the participants fill out a form asking questions about they thoughts, feeling and stereotypes around mentally ill people
they found that over time more and more people started to have better stereotypes around mentally ill people
medical model of disability compared to the social model of disability
medical
- focuses on the individual
- the physical, mental challenges that the person has
- the problem/impairment is with them
- focus on how to treat them
social
- about the barriers and how they fit in
- think about accessibility/the environment they are in
- how to overcome the impairments
neuro-diversity paradigm and then common goals with medical
- that is natural and valuable form of humanity
- their is no one default way to act (it is culturally shaped)
- differences are normal, they are just diversity
- their is some we should treat
- minimize harm
- use the best option/beneficial
- shouldn’t force a difference
autism - language preference
prefer identity-first terms
‘autistic person’
parent and friends are a bit more mixed, and then professionals see it with person-first eg. he has autism.
3 strategies of social camouflaging and what they are
- compensation: actively compensate for difficulties in social situations
- masking: hide autistic characteristics to a non-autistic person
- assimilation: trying to fit in with others in social situations
