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Mechanisms of Disease > Health vs. Disease > Flashcards

Health vs. Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is physiology

A

The way a living organism and its components function normally

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2
Q

What is structure?

A

The way a human body is put together

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3
Q

Define pathophysiology

A

The structural and functional changes that occur because of an injury, disease, or disorder

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4
Q

What is health?

A

Physical, mental, and social well-being

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5
Q

If you are not sick are you healthy?

A

No, health is not just absence of disease but also presence of well-being

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6
Q

Define disease

A

A deviation from normal structure or function of 1 or multiple body structures

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7
Q

Does disease have to have a known cause?

A

No, it can have no known cause, multiple causes, or a known cause

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8
Q

What is the difference between a disease and a syndrome?

A

A syndrome has a predictable pattern and characteristic manifestations of signs and symptoms. A syndrome may even have multiple diseases as its presentation. A disease describes the actual impaired structure or function

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9
Q

What does etiology mean?

A

The cause of a disease

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10
Q

What does a multi factorial etiology mean?

A

Multiple factors or events can cause or contribute to a disease?

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11
Q

What is an example of a multi factorial disease?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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12
Q

What is an idiopathic disease?

A

A disease with no known etiology

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13
Q

What is a nosocomial disease?

A

A disease caused by exposure to a healthcare setting

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14
Q

Give an example of a nosocomial disease

A

A bacterial infection after a stay in the hospital

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15
Q

What is a Iatrogenic disease?

A

A disease that is caused by a medical treatment

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16
Q

What is the difference between a nosocomial disease and an iatrogenic one?

A

A nosocomial disease is caused by exposure to a healthcare environment and a iatrogenic disease is actually due to the treatment. For example, a drug that has hypotension as a side effect would be iatrogenic not nosocomial

17
Q

What is pathogenesis?

A

How a disease process evolves

18
Q

What is a risk factor?

A

Something that increases the probability of experiencing a adverse health outcome

19
Q

What is a precipitating factor

A

An agent that promotes or triggers a clinical manifestation

20
Q

Compare sign and symptom

A

A sign is objective and observable. A symptom is subjective, unverifiable, and reported by the patient

21
Q

What is a local disease

A

A manifestation is only found in one body area near the site of the disease

22
Q

Define systemic

A

Manifestations are present throughout the body and are not confined to one area

23
Q

What is an acute condition?

A

A condition that begins abruptly and only lasts a short time

24
Q

What is a chronic condition?

A

A condition that begins slowly and lasts a long time or never goes away

25
Q

What is remission

A

A period of time where manifestations are reduced or absent

26
Q

What is exacerbation?

A

A period of time where disease manifestations are increased

27
Q

What is asymptomatic?

A

No symptoms even though the disease is present

28
Q

What is morbidity?

A

A negative outcome due to disease that negatively impacts quality of life

29
Q

What is a complication?

A

An adverse extension of a disease or outcome from treatment of a disease

30
Q

What is sequelae?

A

An impairment that follows a disease state or injury. This is a consequence of, but different from, the original disease

31
Q

Mortality

A

Death

32
Q

Prognosis

A

The expected progress of the disease

33
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Care that prevents a disease condition from occurring EX: a vaccine when you do not have a disease

34
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Early detection and treatment of a disease through screening programs when the disease may already be present EX: a biopsy of a possible cancerous spot, a lung CT of smokers

35
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

The treatment and rehab of a patient after diagnosis of a disease

36
Q

What is a difference between the leading causes of death in the US and developing countries?

A

The US and high income countries have higher communicable diseases and more diseases associated with the aging process

37
Q

Are life expectancies equal across the US?

A

No, there are still a lot of resource disparities

Mechanisms of Disease (6 decks)

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