Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Speech and Comm II > Hearing Assessment > Flashcards

Hearing Assessment Flashcards

(87 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 2 types of Hearing Assessments?

A
  1. Subjective Testing

2. Objective Testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does Subjective Testing compose of?

A
  • Requires active response from patient

- Tests whole pathway from ear to cortical level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Objective Testing compose of?

A
  • X active response required
  • Automated
  • Tests specific parts of the ear only
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the gold standard hearing test for adults?

A

Puretone Audiometry (PTA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is PTA?

A

Main hearing test

- Determines softest level an individual can detect at a specific frequency between 250-8000Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is PTA usually conducted?

A

In a soundproof or sound-insulated room

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do we only assess human’s hearing up to 250 to 8000Hz?

A

It encompasses the speech frequencies, which is the most important range for communication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do you need to conduct a PTA?

A
  1. Audiometer
  2. Insertphones / Headphones
  3. Bone Conductor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 types of testing in PTA?

A
  1. Air Conduction Testing

2. Bone Conduction Testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does Air Conduction Testing take place?

A

Sound is delivered to the cochlea through the outer ear and middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does Bone Conduction Testing take place?

A

Sound is delivered to the cochlea directly through the skull, bypassing the outer ear and middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who should a PTA (diagnostic hearing test) be done by?

A
  1. Audiologist

2. Trained Audio Technician under supervision of ENT or Audiologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What must be done before PTA is conducted?

A
  1. Otoscopy examinations

2. Tympanometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why must an Otoscopy Examination be conducted before PTA?

A

To ensure no excessive wax is in the canal that can block the sound from coming in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why must a Tympanometry be conducted before PTA?

A

To establish ME function and help in differential diagnosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the PTA result plotted on?

A

Audiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 2 types of Audiograms?

A
  1. Clinical Audiogram

2. Audiogram with Familiar Sounds (try to make sense of PTA results)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of test can the PTA be conducted as?

A
  1. Diagnostic Test

2. Screening Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does the PTA take place as a Diagnostic Test?

A
  • Require searching for the softest level of sound (hearing threshold) for each frequency
  • Determine level and type of HL
  • Air and Bone Conduction
  • Adjustable intensity
  • 250-8000Hz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the level of HL entail?

A

Severity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the type of HL entail?

A

Site of Lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does the PTA take place as a Screening Test?

A
  • Will only present at a specific loudness level at selected 3 or 4 frequencies
  • Air Conduction only
  • Fixed Level of Intensity
  • 500-4000Hz
  • Pass / Refer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an example of a local Functional Hearing Screen?

A

Project Silver Screen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the Project Silver Screen?

A

Simple check-up for elderly to help detect age-related decline in vision, health and oral health early
- To provide early intervention and improve QOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does the Project Silver Screen incorporate?
1. Basic Portable Audiometer 2. Insertphones 3. Earmuff
26
How does the Project Silver Screen take place?
1. Outer-ear examination 2. Practice Tone at 500Hz / 60dBHL 3. Puretone Screening at 0.5, 1, 2 & 4kHz (25 & 40dBHL)
27
When are referrals issued during the Project Silver Screen?
1. Outer Ear Examination 2. Patient fails Practice Tone 3. Patient fails Puretone Screening at 40dBHL
28
What are the patients referred for in the Project Silver Screen?
Diagnostic Hearing Test at common audiology clinics (satellite or mobile hearing clinic)
29
How long does it take to complete a PTA?
20-30min
30
What type of test is the PTA (subj/obj)?
Subjective | - Active response from pt to raise hand or press response button when sound is heard
31
What are the types of behavioural hearing tests conducted for children and when are they conducted?
1. Behavioural Observation Audiometry (BOA): 0-6m 2. Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA): 6-30m 3. Play Audiometry: 24m and above
32
What does the UNHS compose of?
1. Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) | 2. Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE)
33
What is JCIH's position statement about the benchmark?
1-3-6 Screening at 1m Diagnosis by 3m Intervention by 6m
34
What is the UNHS protocol?
1. Inpatient Screen - OAE x2 - AABR 2. Outpatient Screen - AABR
35
What happens if the baby fails the OAE?
Sent for a retest via Inpatient AABR
36
What happens if the baby misses the OAE?
Sent for Outpatient AABR
37
What happens if the baby fails the AABR?
Sent for ENT Investigation
38
Why is the baby sent for many retests despite failing the screen?
1. Ear canal may be filled with amniotic fluid | 2. Cochlear impairment may be present
39
What are the limitations of the UNHS in general?
1. Screening tool only - Cases with very mild loss may be missed 2. Babies with late onset of HL may be missed
40
What are the limitations of the UNHS as a test?
1. Internal noise or external noise | 2. ME pathology (Cochlea's true function is not reflected)
41
What is the BOA?
Observation of baby's unconditioned behavioural responses to sounds
42
What is the BOA typically used in association with?
1. ABR or OAE
43
Who is BOA usually conducted on?
- Babies within 0-6m | - Older children who are cognitively delayed and unable to be conditioned to respond for VRA
44
What are the types of stimuli used in BOA?
1. Manchester Rattle 2. G/C chime bar 3. Live voice
45
What is required during BOA?
Sound level meter
46
What types of responses are considered in BOA?
1. Reflexive 2. Arousal 3. Quietening 4. Orientation
47
Is the Minimal Response Level (MRL) a threshold?
No!
48
What are the expected MRLs according to age?
0-4m 50-70+dBA 4-7m 40-50dBA 7-9m 30-40dBA
49
What is the VRA?
A conditioned audiometric test that trains the child to respond to sound and be rewarded with light-up puppet / video
50
Who is the VRA typically used for?
Children with developmental age 6-24mo (~30m)
51
What is the VRA subject to?
Child's state of arousal and interest on the reinforcer
52
What transducers are used in VRA?
1. Soundfield 2. Insertphones 3. Bone conductor (for older kids)
53
Where can the VRA results be plotted on and what is it plotted as?
Audiograms; Thresholds or MRLs
54
Who is the Play Audiometry typically used for?
Children with dev age ?2y
55
From when, is Play Audiometry the standard test for children?
3y - 5/6y
56
What does the child need for Play Audiometry?
Cognitively ready to cooperate 1. Wait 2. Listen 3. Play
57
What transducers are used in Play Audiometry?
1. Soundfield 2. Insertphones 3. Headphones 4. Bone conductor
58
What is the main challenge in Play Audiometry?
Listening; Children tend to jump straight into play
59
What is the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)?
A diagnostic test that measures the integrity of the auditory system (lower brainstem level)
60
What do the responses in ABR rely on?
Synchronous firing of nerve fibres
61
What info can we get from ABR?
1. Integrity of Auditory Pathway | 2. Estimated Hearing Thresholds
62
What is the OAE?
A test that measures the integrity of the OHCs (Cochlea)
63
What are the 2 types of OAE?
1. Transient-Evoked OAEs (TEOAE) | 2. Distortion Product OAEs (DPOAE)
64
What is OAE indicative of?
Likelihood of presence / absence of HL up to the inner ear level
65
What is the frequency range of TEOAE?
1000-4000Hz
66
How many puretone frequencies are used in DPOAE?
2
67
What is the cut-off for normal hearing in children?
20dBHL
68
What is the cut-off for normal hearing in adults?
25dBHL
69
What is the hearing range for Mild HL?
25-40dBHL
70
What is the hearing range for Moderate HL?
40-55dBHL
71
What is the hearing range for Moderately Severe HL?
55-70dBHL
72
What is the hearing range for Severe HL?
70-90dBHL
73
What is the hearing range for Profound HL?
90-120dBHL
74
What does the L & R Air Conduction Threshold indicate?
Degree of Loss (Severity)
75
What does the L & R Bone Conduction Threshold indicate?
Site of Lesion (Type of Pathology)
76
What is 'Masking'?
Presenting some whooshing noise in the good ear
77
Why is 'Masking' required?
Bone conduction testing picks up on response from better hearing cochlea so 'masking' keeps the better cochlea busy so that the true threshold from poorer ear can be obtained
78
How does Conductive HL present on an audiogram?
1. BC thresholds NORMAL | 2. AC thresholds ABNORMAL
79
How does Sensorineural HL present on an audiogram?
1. BC thresholds ABNORMAL 2. AC thresholds ABNORMAL 3. Air-bone gap <15dB
80
How does Mixed HL present on an audiogram?
1. BC thresholds ABNORMAL 2. AC thresholds ABNORMAL 3. Air-bone gap >15dB
81
What are the different configurations of audiograms?
1. Sloping 2. Cookie-bite 3. Flat 4. Reverse-slope 5. Tent-shaped 6. Corner
82
What is hearing important for?
1. Learning speech 2. Localisation of sound source 3. Listening in noise
83
How can speech confusion occur?
When the high frequency region is damaged and only the low frequency hearing, all the vowels will sound quite similar
84
What is a Ski-slope Audiogram?
Shows a high frequency HL while the hearing at the low frequencies up to 1000Hz within the normal range
85
How does a HL demonstrated in the Ski-slope Audiogram affect speech understanding?
Higher frequency fricatives such as /f/, /s/, /th/ are not able to be heard
86
What can be used to screen an SLT's patient's hearing?
Ling 6 Sounds
87
What does the McGurk effect demonstrate?
Demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception - what you see may not be what you hear

Speech and Comm II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions