Heart

Question 1

Pericardium

Answer 1

double walled fibroserous membrane that encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels

Question 2

The three parts of the pericardial sac

Answer 2

• Fibrous Pericardium
• Partietal Layer of Serous Pericardium
• Viseral Layer of Serous Pericardium

Question 3

What is fibrous pericardium

Answer 3

• heart

- tough external layer that protects the heart against sudden overfill

Question 4

what is the viseral layer of serous pericardium

Answer 4

• heart
• makes up the external later of the heart wall
• Epicardium

Question 5

Pericardiacophrenic artery

Answer 5

-branch off the internal thoracic artery that supplies the pericardium

Question 6

Pericardiacophrenic veins

Answer 6

drains the blood of the pericardium

Question 7

what innervates the pericardium

Answer 7

• Vagus Nerve (PNS)
• phrenic nerve
• Sympathetic trunks

Question 8

Myocardium

Answer 8

thick middle layer of the heart composed of cardiac

Question 9

Endocardium

Answer 9

thin internal layer or lining membrane

Question 10

apex of the heart

Answer 10

formed by the inferolateral part of the left ventricle

Question 11

base of the heart

Answer 11

formed mainly by the left atrium

Question 12

What are the four surfaces of the heart

Answer 12

• anterior surface (mainly right ventricle)
• diaphragmatic surface (mainly left ventricle)
• left pulmonary surface (this surface cause the cardiac impression on the left lung
• right pulmonary surface (right atrium)

Question 13

Right atrium

Answer 13

• Right auricle
• Pectinate muscles
• opening of the Superior vena cava, Inferior vena cava and Coronary sinus
• Interatrial septum

Question 14

Interatrial septum

Answer 14

-seperating the two atrium

oval fossa= oval depression of a hole that was there in fetus

Question 15

Right ventricle

Answer 15

• Trabeculae Carneae
• Tricuspid valve
• Tendionus Cords (Chordae Tendineae)
• Papillary Muscles
• Right AV ofice

Question 16

Tricuspid value

Answer 16

• guards the right AV orifice

- the tendonius cords come off the cusps and attach to the papillary muscles

Question 17

The av orifice

Answer 17

where the right ventricle recieves blood from the right atrium, where the tricuspid valve is located

Question 18

papillary muscles

Answer 18

-they pull and tighten the tendinous cords and draw in the cusps

Question 19

interventricular (IV) septum

Answer 19

-meatly muscle in between the right and left ventricle

Question 20

Pulmonary valve

Answer 20

• at the base of the pulmonary trunk

- semilunar valve

Question 21

left atrium

Answer 21

• valveless pulmonary veins enter
• pectinate muscles
• auricle

Question 22

left ventricle

Answer 22

• bicupsid valve at the left av orifice
• walls thicker here
• walls covered in trabeculae carneae
• aortic vestibule
• papillary muscles

Question 23

aortic vesticule

Answer 23

• left ventricle

- leading to the aortic orifice and aortic valve

Question 24

What are the two branches of the coronary artery

Answer 24

• Right coronary artery (arises from right aortic sinus)

- Left coronary artery (arises from left aortic sinus)

Question 25

Two branches of the right coronary artery

Answer 25

- right marginal branch | - posterior interventricular artery

Question 26

Two branches of the left coronary artery

Answer 26

- anterior interventricular artery (at apex in anastomoses with posterior interventricular artery) - circumflex branch (which branches into the left marginal artery

Question 27

What parts of the heart does the right coronary artery supply

Answer 27

- Right atrium - most of the right ventricle - part of the left ventricle - part of the IV septum

Question 28

what parts of the heart does the left coronary artery supply

Answer 28

- left atrium - most of left ventricle - parts of the right ventricle

Question 29

What is the venous drainage of the heart

Answer 29

Coronary sinus, which is where all the veins on the heart drain into to

Question 30

What veins drains into the coronary sinus

Answer 30

- great cardiac vein - middle cardiac vein - small cardiac vein - (left posterior ventricular and left margial vein)

Question 31

What veins runs with posterior interventricular branch artery?

Answer 31

middle cardiac vein

Question 32

What vein runs with the right coronary artery

Answer 32

small cardiac vein

Question 33

what vein runs with the anterior interventricular branch artery

Answer 33

great cardiac vein

Question 34

What are the branches off the aortic arch from left to right

Answer 34

- brachiocephalic trunk (right subclavian, right common carotid) - left common carotid - left subclavian

Question 35

SA Node

Answer 35

-conducting system of the heart -initiates and regulates the impulses for contraction "Pacemaker of the heart" -sends message to AV node

Question 36

AV node

Answer 36

- conducting system of the heart | - distributes the signal to the ventricles through AV bundle

Question 37

innervation of the heart

Answer 37

- cardiac plexus - sympathetic supply of the heart increases the heart rate - parasympathetic decreases the heart rate (Vagus Nerve)

Question 38

referred pain of the heart

Answer 38

-phenomenon where noxious stimuli originating in the heart are perceived by the person as pain arising from the superficial part of the body.

Question 39

ligamentum arteriosum

Answer 39

-between aortic arch and left pulmonary artery

Question 40

Ovale fossa

Answer 40

- between the right and left atrium | - ductus arteriosus