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Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. > Tuesday Lecture 6/2 > Flashcards

Tuesday Lecture 6/2 Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

What is the abdominal cavity bounded by?

A
  • abdominal walls
  • diaphragm
  • pelvis
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2
Q

The five muscles in the anterolateral abdominal wall

A 
Three Flat Muscles:
-External oblique
-Internal oblique
-transverse abdominis 
Two vertical muscles:
-rectus abdominis
-pyramidalis
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3
Q

External oblique origin

A
  • superficial layer

- external surfaces of the 5th and 12th ribs

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4
Q

what is the inguinal ligament?

A

-the external oblique’s inferior margin is thickened as an undercurving fibrous band that spans between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

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5
Q

external oblique insertion

A

linea alba
pubic tubercle
anterior half of iliac crest

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6
Q

external oblique innervation

A

thoracoabdominal nerves (Anterior rami of T7-T11) and subcostal nerve

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7
Q

external oblique action

A

compress and support abdominal visera

flex opposite side and rotate trunk

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8
Q

internal oblique origin

A
  • thoracodorsal fasica
  • anterior two thirds of iliac crest
  • connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
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9
Q

internal oblique insertion

A
  • inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs
  • linea alba
  • pubis via conjoint tendon
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10
Q

internal oblique innervation

A
  • thoraco-abdominal nerve (anterior rami of T7-T11)

- Subcostal and fist lumbar nerve

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11
Q

interal oblique action

A

compress and support abdominal visera

flex and rotate trunk

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12
Q

transversus abdominis origin

A
  • internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages
  • thoracolumbar fasica
  • iliac crest
  • Connective tissue deep to inguinl ligament
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13
Q

transversus abdominis insertion

A
  • linea alba wth aponerous of internal oblique
  • public crest
  • pubis vas conjoint tendon
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14
Q

transversus abdominis innervation

A
  • thoraco-abdominal nerve (anterior rami of T7-T11)

- Subcostal and fist lumbar nerve

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15
Q

transversus abdominis action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera

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16
Q

Rectus abdominis origin

A

public symphysis and public crest

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17
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

xiphoid procress and 5th-7th costal cartiladges

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18
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

-Thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves

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19
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A
  • Flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera

- Stablizes and controls tilt of pelvis

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20
Q

Pyramidalis

A
  • small triangular muscle
  • absent in 20% of people
  • Arise from the pubic crest
  • Attaches along the linea alba
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21
Q

Borders of the superior thoracic aperture

A

Posterior: T1 vertebrae
Laterally: first pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
Anteriorly: superior border of the manubrium

Thoracic inlet

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22
Q

What runs through the superior thoracic aperture?

A

Trachea, esophagus, vessels and nerves

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23
Q

inferior thoracic aperture borders

A
  • posteriorly: T12 vertebrae
  • posterolaterally: 11th and 12th pairs of ribs
  • anteriorlaterally: the joined costal cartiladges of ribs 7-10 (forming the costal margin)
  • anteriorly: xiphisternal joint
  • thoracic outlet
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24
Q

What is important about the inside of a rib bone?

A

-its spongy and contains bone marrow which forms blood cells

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25
True ribs
- Vertebrosternal - 1st-7th ribs - attach directly to the sternum anteriorly with there own costal cartiladge
26
False Ribs
- Vertebrochondral - 8th-10th ribs - cartilages on their anterior ends join with the cartiladge of the rib just superior to them (so they indirectly connect to the sternum)
27
Floating Ribs
- Free - 11th and 12th, sometimes the 10th too - they do not connect directly or indirectly to the sternum
28
Parts of a typical rib
- 3rd-9th | - head, neck, tubercle. body
29
Atypical Rib: 1st
- board and shortest - scalene tubercle - articulates only with T1
30
Atypical Rib: 2nd
- thinner | - has attachments for serratus anterior and posterior scalenes
31
Atypical Rib: 10th-12th
-have only one facet on their heads
32
Atypical rib: 11-12
- have no neck or tubercles | - short
33
intervertebral joint type
symphysis
34
intervertebral joint articulations
adjacent vertebral bodies bounded tgether by iv disc
35
intervertebral joint ligament
anterior and posterior longitudinal
36
Costovertebral joints joint tye
plane synovial
37
Costovertebral joint articulation
head of each rib with costal facet (or demifacet) of the corresponding vertebral body
38
Costovertebral joint ligaments
-Radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib
39
costotransverse joint ligament
lateral and superiorr costotransverse
40
costotranverse joint articulations
articulation of tubercle of rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebra
41
costotransverse joint type
synoival plane
42
Sternocostal joint type
1st: primary cartiladges | 2nd-7th: synovial plane
43
Sternocostal joint articulations
1st rib: with the costal cartiladge and manubrium | 2nd-7th: with the costal cartiladge and sternum
44
Sternocostal joint ligament
anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal
45
sternoclavicular joint ligaments
- anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments | - costoclavicular ligament
46
sternoclavicular articulations
sterno end of the clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartiladge
47
sternoclavicular joint type
saddle synovial
48
Costochondral joint type
primary cartiladgionous joint
49
costochondral joint articulations
lateral end of costal cartiladge with sternal end of rib
50
costochondral joint ligaments
cartilage and bone: bound together by periosteum
51
interchondral joint type
synoival plane
52
interchondral joint articulations
costal cartiladge of 6th-7th, 7th-8th and 8th-9th ribs
53
interchondral joint ligament
interchondral ligaments
54
manubriosternal joint type
secondary catilaginous, symphysis
55
manubriosternal jint articulation and ligaments
- manubrium and body of sternum | - interchondral ligaments
56
xiphisternal joint type
primary cartilaginous joint, synchondrosis
57
xiphisternal joint articulations and ligaments
- xiphoid and body of the sternum | - interchondral ligaments
58
external intercostal superior and inferior attachment
inferior border of ribs | superior border of ribs below
59
external intercostal innervation action
- intercostal nerve | - during forced inspiratio, elevates ribs
60
internal intercostal superior and inferior attachment
- inferior border of ribs | - superior border of ribs below
61
internal intercostal innervation and action
- intercostal nerve | - during forced respiration
62
innermost intercostal superior and inferior attachment
- inferior border of ribs | - superior border of ribs below
63
innermost intercostal innervation and action
- intercostal nerve | - during forced respiration
64
transversus thoracis superior attachment
posterior surface of lower sternum
65
transversus thoracis inferior attachment
internal surface of costal cartiladges 2-6
66
transversus thoracis innervation
intercostal nerve
67
transversus thoracis action
weakly depresses ribs
68
intercostal nerves:
- formed by anterior rami of T1-T11 - run the intercostal space between the parietal pleura and internal intercostal membrane - gives rise to lateral cutaneous branches and anterior cutaneous branches
69
internal thoracic artery
- arise from the subclavan artery - supplies part of the thoracic wall - it branches as anterior intercostal arteries in the intercostal spaces 1-6 - it branches as muscolphrenic arteries in intercostal spaces 7-9
70
Anterior intercostals artery
comes from the internal thoracic artery in the intercostal space 1-6
71
posterior intercostals artery
supreme intercostal artery (branch of subclavian) and thoracic aorta
72
Musculophrenic arteries
branches of the internal thoracic in intercostal spaces 7-9 | -supplies the diaphragm
73
Superior epigastric artery
- continuation of the internal thoracic artery | - enters the rectus sheath, supplies the upper part of rectus abdominis and anastomoses with inferior epigastric artery
74
inferior epigastric artery
- arises from the external iliac artery deep to the inguinal ligament - it supplies the lower part of rectus abdominis and anastomses with superior epigastric artery
75
Linea alba
- the aponeuroses of the three anterior abdominal muscles interweave to form this - runs from the xiphoid process to the public symphysis
76
Rectus Sheath
The aproneuroses from transversee abdominis, internal oblique and external oblique come together to form this -it encloses rectus abdominis
77
Transversalis fasica
the fasica lining the deep surface of the tranverse abdominis muscle or aponeurosis

Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. (8 decks)

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