Heart Flashcards
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Why is blood flow unidirectional?
Because of valves and timing of heart contractions.
What are the immediate and downstream (ultimate) reasons for having a heart?
The heart pumps oxygen and nutrients to the body
How does the heart generate blood pressure?
Through alternate cycles of the heart wall’s contraction and relaxation.
What is blood pressure and why is it important?
Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the inside walls of the blood vessels. A minimum blood pressure is essential to circulate blood throughout the body.
Differentiate between pulmonary and systemic circulation. Do they share a blood supply? Do they pump at the same rate?
Yes; Yes
Why do we have a pericardium?
To prevent the heart from moving too much in the thorax. Also, reduces friction while beating.
The pericardium is comprised of what two parts?
- Fibrous pericardium
2. Serous pericardium
What are the three parts of the serous pericardium?
- Parietal layer
- Visceral layer
- Pericardial cavity
In which portion of the thorax is the heart?
Mediastinum
What are the three layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep?
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
Which layer is nearly synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium? Which layer is the actual cardiac muscle?
Epicardium; Myocardium
What are the two layers of the endocardium?
Endothelium and Areolar CT
What vessels travel in the sulci on the surface of the heart? What is their purpose?
Coronary arteries; supply the heart wall muscle with oxygen and nutrients
Which three vessels drain into the right atrium?
- Coronary sinus
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
Why do we have a fossa ovalis?
To move blood from right to left atrium prior to birth.
