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A&P Nursing > Heart&Blood > Flashcards

Heart&Blood Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

_________ is the liquid portion of the blood.

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Plasma is _________ of the blood volume.

A

55%

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3
Q

Plasma _____ is water.

A

92%

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4
Q

__________ is the most abundant of all the plasma proteins.

A

Albumin

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5
Q

_________ is a rupture or bursting of red blood cells.

A

Hemolysis

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6
Q

________ is cell eating.

A

Phagocytosis

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7
Q

_____, ______, and _____ all do phagocytosis.

A

Monocytes, neutrophils, and basophils

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8
Q

________ is the process that destroys bacteria.

A

Phagocytosis

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9
Q

Inflammation signs and symptoms:

A

redness, local heat, swelling, and pain.

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10
Q

________ is formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel.

A

Thrombosis

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11
Q

the presence of pathogenic organisms or toxins in the blood

A

Septicemia

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12
Q

About ___ of the population are Rh positive.

A

85%

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13
Q

______ = blood clotting

A

Coagulation

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14
Q

In many inflammations, chemical substances called pyrogens are formed, which are circulated by the _________.

A

hypothalamus.

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15
Q

The _______ controls the temperature.

A

hypothalamus

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16
Q

fever =

A

pyrexia

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17
Q

_________ are activated during an allergic reaction.

A

Basophils

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18
Q

________ is a hereditary disease in which the blood clots slowly or abnormally.

A

Hemophilia

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19
Q

_____ is a deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.

A

Anemia

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20
Q

______ leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow and spleen.

A

Agranular

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21
Q

_______ is a vital portion of the red blood cells.

A

Hemoglobin

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22
Q

A blood disease which there is a decrease in the number of platelets is __________.

A

Thrombocytopenia

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23
Q

Immobility can cause ______.

A

thrombosis

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24
Q

When the patient is a donor for him/her self it is an _________.

A

autologous transplant

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25
the donor shares the same genetic type as the patient.
Allogenic transplant
26
Type A- can receive a transfusion from ___ or _____
A- or O-
27
________is the process where cells can move through intercellular spaces.
Diapedesis
28
______, ________, _______, and _______ can perform diapedesis.
Basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
29
The average adult has _______ of blood.
8 to 10 pints
30
________ is necessary for clotting.
Fibrinogen
31
Another name for red blood cells is ______.
erythrocytes.
32
________ are biconcave disks.
Erythrocytes
33
The manufacture of red blood cells is called _________.
Erythropoiesis
34
White blood cells are _______.
leukocytes
35
Clotting time for humans is _______.
5 to 15 minutes
36
The four types of blood are:
A, B, O, and AB.
37
________ is a universal donor.
Type O-
38
________ is a universal recipient.
Type AB+
39
Disease that causes abnormally shaped red blood cells
sickle cell anemia
40
poly
many
41
gen
producing
42
leuko/cyte
white blood cell
43
mono
one
44
emia
blood
45
hema
blood
46
thrombo
clot
47
patho
disease
48
poiesis
formation of
49
edem/a
presence of swelling
50
an
without
51
After ______ without blood flow, the brain cells are irreversibly damaged.
4 to 5 minutes
52
The human heart weighs ________.
less than one pound
53
The heart is a ______ pump.
double
54
A defect in a heart valve is a _____.
murmur
55
A _______ is a surgically implanted electric device that regulates the heartbeat.
pacemaker
56
______ is the sound made by the heart valves closing.
Lubb Dubb
57
The Purkinje Fibers are located in the _____.
ventricles
58
_______ is the change or deviation from the normal rate or rhythm of the heart.
Arrhythmia
59
_____ are medications that can lower blood cholesterol levels.
Statins
60
The risks for heart disease:
high cholesterol, hypertension, family history, diabetes, smoking, lack of exercise
61
To decrease risk of heart disease:
30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.
62
______ penetrates the skin or body cavity.
Invasive
63
Total cholesterol should be
less than 200mg/ dl
64
______ is severe chest pain when the heart doesn't get enough oxygen.
Angina pectoris
65
______- the term used for rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute)
Tachycardia
66
The ______ (pacemaker) sends out an electrical impulse that begins and regulates the heart.
SA node
67
cardiac muscle tissue
Myocardium
68
The _____ of the heart lies along the diaphragm and points to the left of the body.
apex
69
All nurses must be proficient in ___.
CPR
70
the large venous blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
vena cava
71
The _______ is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
bicuspid (mitral) valve
72
The ______ contains deoxygenated blood.
pulmonary artery
73
stroke volume x heart rate =
cardiac output
74
The QRS wave represents a...
contraction of the ventricles.
75
The type of cholesterol least likely to lead in heart disease is ____ cholesterol.
HDL
76
Blood leaves the heart through ______.
arteries
77
The heart is in the ______ cavity.
Thoracic
78
the double layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart
pericardium
79
The four valves of the heart are
tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary semilunar, aortic semilunar
80
The total blood ejected from the human heart is about
5000 ml
81
slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)
bradycardia
82
an inflammation of the heart muscle
myocarditis
83
The blood contains ______ and other fat substances called _______.
cholesterol, trigylcerides
84
a procedure to help open clogged vessels
Angioplasty
85
The device that shocks the heart
defibrillator
86
a narrowing of the arteries that supply oxygen to the heart muscle
Coronary Artery Disease
87
a small portable battery operated EKG machine
Holter monitor
88
blood thinners given during the first 12 hours after a MI
thrombolytic therapy
89
measures cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides levels
Lipid panel
90
drugs that reduce the amount of fluid in the body
diuretics
91
is an insertion of a catheter into the heart, a dye is inserted and pictures are taken
cardiac catheterization
92
a "complete heart block."
Third-degree block
93
tiny webbed, stainless steel devices, which hold arteries open after an angioplasty
cardiac stents

A&P Nursing (3 decks)

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