Heart Failure

Question 1

Heart failure is not a disease but a

Answer 1

complex clinical syndrome

Question 2

Systolic HF has a _____ LV ejection fraction

Answer 2

decreased

Question 3

Diastolic HF has a ______ejection fraction

Answer 3

preserved

Question 4

The primary risk factors for HF is

Answer 4

HTN & CAD

Question 5

____ HF has an inability to pump blood forward

Answer 5

Systolic

Question 6

Systolic HF is caused by

Answer 6

impaired contractile function
Increased afterload
cardiomyopathy
mechanical abnormalities

Question 7

Normal EF should be over ____% if pt. doesn’t have HF

Answer 7

60

Question 8

In HF blood backs up and causes

Answer 8

Pulmonary congestion

Question 9

QRS causes the ____ to pump

Answer 9

LV

Question 10

Mixed systolic and diastolic HF patients need

Answer 10

an ICP pace maker because they have so many PVC which can slip into v-tach

Question 11

Left sides HF is the most common form of HF. It results from

Answer 11

empty adequately during systole

fill adequately during diastole

Question 12

L-sided HF blood backs up into teh LA and Pul. veins and this causes

Answer 12

Increased pulmonary pressures which cause fluids leakage –> pulmonary congestion (crackles) and pulmonary edema

Question 13

Heart failure cause fluid to be in the lungs. It causes the left ventricle to be ____

Answer 13

enlarged

Question 14

Right sided HF can be caused by

Answer 14

left-sided HF, cor pulmonale, right ventricular, MI

Question 15

Backup of blood into the RIGHT atrium and venous systemic circulation

Answer 15

Right-sided HF

Question 16

s/s of R-sided HF

Answer 16

jugular venous distension
hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
splenomegaly (enlarged spleen)
GI (N+V)
Ascites
Pain
Dependent Peripheral edema (got to go to ER)
Sudden weight gain (got to ER)

Question 17

A patient with JVD needs to

Answer 17

sit at 90 degrees to breath

need to be at 45 degrees to see the JVD for assessment

Question 18

HF compensatory mechanism

Answer 18

neurohotmal respones
ventricular dilation
ventirular hyperthrophy

Question 19

20% of cardio output goes to the ____

25% of Co goes to the ____

Answer 19

kidneys

brain

Question 20

No CO to kidneys cause

Answer 20

fluid retainsion

Question 21

Enlargement of the chambers of the heart that occurs when pressure in the LV is elevated

Answer 21

Ventricular remodeling

Question 22

____ medication is used to protect against ventricular remodeling

Answer 22

Lisinopril (ACE inhitbor)

Question 23

S/s of HF

Answer 23

• sob

- fatigue

Question 24

s/s of fluid overload

Answer 24

• pulmonary edema
• JVD
• ascites
• peripheral edema

Question 25

as soon as CO drops the

Answer 25

resies actives | fluid retenion

Question 26

HF will cause heart remodeling which affects the _____

Answer 26

Ventriculars first

Question 27

NEVER bolus any ____ because it will stop the heart

Answer 27

electroylyes

Question 28

The nurse is going to give potassium chloride. The nurse should

Answer 28

Get an IV pump monitor urine output monitor the VI site for infltration or phlebitis ensure the med is diluted in the correct volume of fluid ensure that the bag is labeled

Question 29

If potassium is burning in the IV the nurse should

Answer 29

slwo the IV rate down

Question 30

The most common type of HF is

Answer 30

Systolic HF

Question 31

what HF are caused by metabolic problems?

Answer 31

Systolic and diastolic

Question 32

what HF are caused by metabolic problems?

Answer 32

Systolic and diastolic

Question 33

The diagnosis of HF is primarily made based on

Answer 33

Symptoms

Question 34

What is the most definitive lab work for HF?

Answer 34

BNP

Question 35

dobutamine is a

Answer 35

vasoconstrictor

Question 36

What is the priority assessment by a nurse caring for a patient about to get dobutamine

Answer 36

blood pressure

Question 37

A patient has JDV, peripheral edema what HF is this

Answer 37

Right sided

Question 38

When patient has a low EF can they get digoxin?

Answer 38

no

Question 39

a patient with HF taking furosemide. The medication is affected when

Answer 39

It reduces preload

Question 40

s/s of pulmonary edema

Answer 40

severe dyspnea and blood streaked frothy sputum

Question 41

A patient with acute HF what position do u put the pt in?

Answer 41

Sitting postion with arms overbed table

Question 42

What does dopamine help with for a patient w HF

Answer 42

will tx: hypotension and tachycardia

Question 43

Coumadin helps by

Answer 43

prevent binglood clots from forming in the hear

Question 44

The patient is on coumadin you should check what lab?

Answer 44

INR

Question 45

A patient on coumadin the INR should be

Answer 45

2-3

Question 46

What drug can not be taken w nitro

Answer 46

avoid any erectile dysfunction drugs

Question 47

ACE/ARB can cause

Answer 47

dizziness (hypotension) | angioedema

Question 48

What medication decreases preload and afterload? - nitro - propranolol - morphine - captopril

Answer 48

Nitroglycerin

Question 49

what does a betablocker do

Answer 49

lower HR and BP